In crisis periods of interaction between public institutions, the formation of the cultural demand of a modern person seems to be significant; it can be noticed in the change of his psychology, the specifics of thinking, everyday language, everyday practices, and behavioral patterns. This range of issues needs a comprehensive philosophical understanding in the context of the problems of philosophical anthropology. One of the most important elements in the formation of a cultural inquiry is the museum space. In April 2018, a round table, dedicated to the problems of the anthropology of the museum, was held in St. Petersburg. It was organized by the editors of the journal «Voprosy Filosofii», State Memorial Historical-Literary and the Natural-Landscape Museum-Reserve of A.S. Pushkin "Mikhailovskoye" and Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia. Questions, proposed for discussion, determine the trajectory of development of Russian museums: conceptual foundations of museum’s anthropology and individual practices of an actualisation of historical experience; historical figure and modern visitor: existential scenarios, intersubjectivity and experience of complicity; aesthetic and academic communication in the museum (verbal and non-verbal practices); substantial grounds and subject of museum criticism. The participants of the “round table” were unanimous that the determination of the current status of the memorial museum as an institute of historical memory is impossible without accounting the visitor’s value position, which determines and culturally identifies its actual cultural status in the museum space. An absence in the museum communication programme of models adequate to the social challenges of dialogical interaction is a danger of complete alienation, loss of national-cultural identity. The experience gained by national educational and museum community was considered as the basis of the national concept of preserving cultural identity, its refinement, and enrichment in the system of modern mass communications. The participants paid special attention to the modern ways of the museum functioning as a humanized space, which preserves cultural and cognitive motivation.