The Opposition of Symbolism and Connectionism in the History of Artificial Intelligence Development

The article is devoted to examining the history of the development of artificial intelligence as a research area through the prism of the struggle and interaction of the two most influential approaches to the development of artificial intelligence systems: symbolic (symbolism) and connectionistic (connectionism). From this point of view, the development of artificial intelligence is divided into three main historical stages. At each stage, key events for the artificial intelligence industry are considered, and the conceptual and institutional context of these events is analyzed. It is shown that the development of artificial intelligence was influenced not only by internal, but also by external factors determined by the cultural environment, the specifics of intellectual practices and the interests of various parties interested in the development of artificial intelligence systems. Based on a historical overview of the development of artificial intelligence, the current state and prospects of this research area are assessed.

Keywords

artificial intelligence, connectionism, symbolic approach, neural networks, expert systems, deep learning, factors of science development

Received

02.06.2020

Publication date

30.11.2020

Number of characters

55862

Cite

GOST	Alekseeva E. The Opposition of Symbolism and Connectionism in the History of Artificial Intelligence Development // ISTORIYA – 2020. – V. 11. – Issue 11 (97) [Electronic resource]. URL: https://history.jes.su/S207987840013021-2-1 (circulation date: 18.07.2024). DOI: 10.18254/S207987840013021-2
MLA	Alekseeva, Ekaterina "The Opposition of Symbolism and Connectionism in the History of Artificial Intelligence Development." ISTORIYA 11.11 (97) (2020) DOI: 10.18254/S207987840013021-2
APA	Alekseeva E. (2020). The Opposition of Symbolism and Connectionism in the History of Artificial Intelligence Development. ISTORIYA 11(11 (97)) DOI: 10.18254/S207987840013021-2

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