In article the main results of a biologization of agriculture in the Belgorod region are considered. The soil cover is generally presented by Haplic Chernozems, Luvic Сhernozems and Calcic Chernozems. Data on dynamics of application of fertilizers and volumes of lime application of soils in Central Chernozem area are analysed. It is established that thanks to implementation of the program of a biologization of agriculture, during 2015–2017 the level of use of organic fertilizers has increased by 3,29 times (to 7,71 t/hectare), volumes of lime application have increased by 9,91 times (up to 232 thousand hectares in the sum in three years), in comparison with 2009–2011. For the same years the share of bean cultures in the structure of sown areas has increased by 5,7% (to 23,6%), and the amount of symbiotic fixing of nitrogen has increased by 1,66 times and has reached on average in a year of 19,4 kg/hectare. The square on which biological means of protection of plants were used has increased almost twice (to 65,9 thousand hectares/year). For the last three years for protection of soils against an erosion it has been carried out meliorative actions on the total area of 22,4 thousand hectares. By results of continuous agrochemical inspection essential decrease in a share of sour soils, increase in security of arable soils with organic substance, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium is established.