All
 
|
 
 


Paradoxes of the Idea of Progress and Cultural Memory in Ancient Egypt: an answer to Vladimir Emelianov
 
PIIS086919080002863-6-1
DOI10.31857/S086919080002863-6
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Ivan Ladynin 
Occupation: Associate Professor, Department of ancient world history, faculty of history, Lomonosov Moscow State University; associate Professor, School of historical Sciences, National Research University «Higher School of Economics»
Affiliation:
Lomonosov Moscow State University
National Research University «Higher School of Economics»
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameVostok. Afro-Aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost
EditionIssue 6
Pages6-21
Abstract

The article discusses a postulate of the leading Russian Sumerologist Vladimir Emelianov (Voprosy filosofii 2011, No. 8). He states that only the modern scholarship since the eighteenth century has developed the method of “archaeological penetration” into the ancient history that allowed seeing in its epochs the reflections of here-and-now. Its background was the feeling of historical process. The division of history into big epochs was totally absent, according to Emelianov, in early antiquity and in Ancient Egypt. Here he strongly opposes the idea of Jan Assmann that each new epoch of Egyptian history addressed the “cultural memory” of the past to position itself as a return to it. However, the analysis shows that the Egyptian sources, i.e. the Royal Canon of Turin and the work by Manetho, as well as the reception of Egyptian historiography by Classical authors reveal conceptualized division of the past into big periods. Addressing ancient archives, researching and restoring ancient monuments was an important practice for Ancient Egyptians. This idea is expressed in the Papyrus Westcar, the first cycle of Setne Khamwas, the Famine Stela, the activities of the historical Prince Khaemweset etc. The ideological concept of return to the great past is exemplified best of all in the Renaissance of the Saite time (the seventh and the sixth centuries BCE). However, earlier epochs of Egyptian history also give similar examples, for example, the aspiration of kings in the late First Intermediate Period and the early Middle Kingdom to return capital to Memphis, i.e. in a sense, to return to the Old Kingdom. Thus, Emelianov’s postulate reveals an impressive ignorance of real evidence.

Keywordsantiquity, Orient, Egypt, historical memory, Vladimir Emelianov
AcknowledgmentThe Publication was prepared in the course of the research (№17-05-0051) within the framework of the Program “Scientific Fund of the National Research University “Higher School of Economics” (HSE)” in 2018 and within the state support of the leading universities of the Russian Federation “5-100”.
Received25.12.2018
Publication date27.12.2018
Cite   Download pdf To download PDF you should sign in
Размещенный ниже текст является ознакомительной версией и может не соответствовать печатной

views: 1664

Readers community rating: votes 0 

1. Andreeva L.A., Bondarenko D.M., Korotaev A.V., Nemirovskiy A.A. Introduction. Sacralization and Power in the History
of Civilizations. Part 1. Moscow: Institute of Africa, 2005. Pp. 5–32 (in Russian).
2. Berlev O.D. Labour Population in the Middle Kingdom Egypt. Moscow: Nauka, 1972 (in Russian).
3. Berlev O.D. Social Relations in the Middle Kingdom Egypt. Social Strata of the “King’s Hmww”. Moscow: Nauka, 1972 (in Russian).
4. Berlev O.D., Hodjash S.I. The Sculpture of Ancient Egypt in the Collection of the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts. Moscow: Vostochnaya literatura, 2004 (in Russian).
5. Bolshakov A.O. Man and His Double: Artistic Representation and Mentality in the Old Kingdom Egypt. Saint Petersburg: Aleteia, 2001 (in Russian).
6. Bolshakov A.O. Representation and Text: Two Languages of Ancient Egyptian Culture. Vestnik drevney istorii. 2003. No. 4 (247). Pp. 3–20 (in Russian).
7. Demidchik A.E. A Nameless Pyramid: The State Doctrine of the Ancient Egyptian Heracleopolitan Monarchy. Saint Petersburg: Aleteia, 2005 (Aegyptiaka; I) (in Russian).
8. Demidchik A.E. Domain of the Heracleopolitan Monarchy in Ancient Egypt. Vestnik drevney istorii. 2007. No 2 (261). Pp. 3–18 (in Russian).
9. Demidchik A.E. The Inscriptions of the Overseer of Lower Egypt Heny on the Stela of the Overseer of a Temple Khety-Ankh. St. Petersburg Egyptological Readings 2006. Proceedings. Saint Petersburg: State Hermitage Publishing House, 2007 (Transactions of the State Hermitage; 35). Pp. 45–55 (in Russian).
10. Diakonoff I.M. The Historical Process and Progress. The Culture of the Orient. Brief Contents of Papers Dedicated to the Memory of V.G. Lukonin. 21–25 January 1992. Saint Petersburg: State Hermitage Publishing House, 1992. Pp. 5–12 (in Russian).
11. Diakonoff I.M. A Book of Memoirs. Saint Petersburg: Evropeyskiy dom, 1995. (Diaries and Memoirs of St. Petersburg Academics) (in Russian).
12. Yemelianov V.V. On the Original Meaning of Sumerian ME (Images of Weltanschauung and the Methods of their Study). Vestnik drevney istorii. 2000. No. 2 (233). Pp. 150–174 (in Russian).
13. Emelianov V.V. On the Crisis of the Contemporary Oriental Studies. Asiatica. Works on the Philosophy and Cultures of the Orient. Issue 2. Saint Petersburg: St. Petersburg University Publishing House, 2008. Pp. 226–232 (in Russian).
14. Emelyanov V.V. Proto-Philosophy of the Ancient East as the Source of the New Philosophical Discourse. Russian Studies in Philosophy. 2009. No 9. Pp. 153–163 (in Russian).
15. Emelyanov V.V. Historical Progress and Cultural Memory (on Paradoxes of Idea of Progress). Russian Studies in Philosophy. 2011. No 8. Pp. 46–57 (in Russian).
16. Emelyanov V.V. Anthropological Turn in the Sciences of the Ancient East (on Example of Assyriology). Russian Studies in Philosophy. 2013. No 2. Pp. 136–147 (in Russian).
17. Emelyanov V.V. An Answer to the Paper by I.A. Ladynin “ ‘Paradoxes of the Idea of Progress’ and the ‘Cultural Memory’ in Ancient Egypt (Concerning an Article by V.V. Emelyanov). [Webresource]. URL: https://www.academia.edu/36445776/OTVET_NA_DOKLAD_  I.A.LADYNINA_ Paradoksy_idei_progressa_i_kul’turnaia_pamiat’_v_drevnem_Egipte_po_povodu_stat’i_V.V._Emel’ianova_ [Access: 10.06.2018] (in Russian).
18. Korostovtsev M.A. Introduction to the Egyptian Philology. Moscow: Foreign Literature Publishing House, 1963 (in Russian).
19. Krikh S.B. “The Death of Discussions” in the Post-Soviet Research: The Ancient History. University Corporation: Memory, Identity, Consolidation Practice. Papers of the All-Russian Scientific Conference. Kazan: YAZ, 2014. Pp. 204–208 (in Russian).
20. Krikh S.B. Planned Economy from Sumer to the Soviet Union: the fate of the ancient empire in the eyes of modern historians. Ab Imperio. 2015. No 3. Pp. 255–291 (in Russian).
21. Ladynin I.A. Society and State of Ancient Egypt in Foreign and National Historiography. Problem of the Ancient Egyptian Royal Ideology. Historiography of the History of Ancient Orient. A Manual for Higher Education. Ed. V.I. Kuzishchin. Moscow: Vysshaya shkola, 2008. Pp. 199–275 (in Russian).
22. Ladynin I.A. Some Problems of the Study of Ancient Egyptian Religion. Vestnik drevney istorii. 2014. No 4. Pp. 179–187 (in Russian).
23. Ladynin I.A. Features of the Landscape (How Marxist Was the “Soviet Antiquity”? The Soviet Landscape of the Ancient Oikumene: Russian Research of Ancient Orient and Classical Antiquity in 1920–1980s. Moscow: Russian Foundation for the Promotion of Education and Science, 2016. (Journal of Dmitriy Pozharskiy University. 2016. No 2 (4). Pp. 9–32 (in Russian).
24. Ladynin I.A. ‘Egypt Rules Again!’ The Start of the Hellenistic Period in the Concepts and Constructs of Late Egyptian Historiography and Propaganda. Moscow; Saint Petersburg: Publishing House of the Russian Christian Academy for Humanities, 2017 (Transactions of the Faculty of History, Moscow State University; 84; Ser. II: Historical Research; 40) (in Russian).
25. Manfred A.Z. Napoléon Bonaparte. Moscow: Mysl’, 1971 (in Russian).
26. Nora P. Problems of lieux de mémoire. France Memory. Saint Petersburg: St. Petersburg University Publishing House, 1999. Pp. 17–50 (in Russian).
27. Nikulina N.N. Sources of the Idea of Progress in the Heritage of the European Masterminds of Antiquity and Middle Age. Journal of the Murmansk State University for Technology. 2011. Vol. 14. No 2. Pp. 410–417 (in Russian).
28. Perepyolkin Yu.Ya. Private Property in the View of the Old Kingdom Ancient Egyptians. Moscow; Leningrad: Nauka, 1966 (Palestine Journal; 16(79)) (in Russian).
29. Turayev B.A. The History of Ancient Orient. Leningrad: OGIZ; Sozekgis, 1935. Vol. 1–2 (in Russian).
30. Frankfort H., Frankfort H.A., Wilson A., Jacobsen Th. At the Threshold of Philosophy. The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man. Moscow: Nauka, 1984 (in Russian).
31. Chanyshev A.N. The Beginning of Philosophy. Moscow: Moscow University Publishing House, 1982 (in Russian).
32. Anthes R. Die Maat des Echnaton von Amarna. Baltimore, 1952. (Supplement to the Journal of the American Oriental Society; 14).
33. Assmann J. Memory and Renewal: The Ethiopian and Saite Renaissance. Assmann J. The Mind of Egypt: History and Meaning in the Time of the Pharaohs. N.Y.: Metropolitan Books, 2002. Pp. 335–364.
34. Barguet P. La stèle de la famine, à Séhel. Le Caire: Institut français d’archéologie orientale du Caire, 1953. (Bibliothèque d’étude; 24).
35. Beckerath J. von. Chronologie des pharaonischen Ägypten: Die Zeitbestimmung der ägyptischen Geschichte von der Vorzeit bis 332 v. Chr. München; B.: Zabern, 1997. (Münchner ägyptologische Studien; 46).
36. Blumenthal E. Untersuchungen zum ägyptischen Königtum des Mittleren Reiches. I. Die Phraseologie. B.: Akademie-Verlag, 1970. (Abhandlungen der Sächsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, Philol.-hist. Kl.; 61/1).
37. Blöbaum A.I. “Denn ich bin ein König, der Maat liebt”: Herrscherlegitimation im spätzeitlichen Ägypten. Aachen: Shaker Verlag, 2006. (Aegyptiaca Monasteriensia; 4).
38. Brand P. Methods Used in Restoring Reliefs Vandalized During the Amarna Period. Göttinger Miszellen. 1999. Hft. 170. Pp. 37–44.
39. Burton A. Diodorus Siculus: Book I. Leiden: Brill, 1972. (Études préliminaires aux religions orientales dans l’Empire romain; 29).
40. Englund G. Akh – Une notion religieuse dans l’Égypte pharaonique. Uppsala: Gustavianum, 1978. (Boreas. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis: Uppsala Studies in Ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern Civilizations; 11).
41. Erman A. Die Märchen des Papyrus Westcar. B.: Spemann, 1890. Bd. I–II (Mittheilungen aus den orientalischen Sammlungen; 5–6).
42. Erman A., Grapow H. Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache. Leipzig: Hinrichs; B.: Akademie-Verlag, 1926–1931. Bd. I–V.
43. Erman A., Grapow H. Die Belegstellen zu Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache. Leipzig: Hinrichs; B.: Akademie-Verlag, 1940–1958. Bd. I–V.
44. Gardiner A.H. Ancient Egyptian Onomastica. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1947. Vol. 1–3.
45. Gardiner A.H. The Royal Canon of Turin. Oxford: Vivian Ridler, 1959. 20 p., pl.
46. Gomaà F. Chaemwese Sohn Ramses' II. und Hoherprister von Memphis. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1973. (Ägyptologische Abhandlungen; 27).
47. Greven L. Der ka in Theologie und Königskult der Ägypter der Alten Reiches. Glückstadt–Hamburg–N.Y.: J.J. Augustin, 1952. (Ägyptologische Forschungen; 17).
48. Griffith F.Ll. Stories of the High Priests of Memphis; the Sethon of Herodotus and the Demotic Tales of Khamuas. Oxford: Clarendon, 1900.
49. Grimal N.-Chr. Les termes de la propagande royale égyptienne de la XIX dynastie à la conquète d'Alexandre. P.: Imprimerie Nationale/De Boccard, 1986. (Mémoires de l’Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres, nouv. sér.; 6; Études sur la propagande royale égyptienne; 4).
50. Gundlach R. Der Sakralherrscher als historisches und phänomenologisches Problem. Legitimation und Funktion des Herrschers: Vom ägyptischen Pharao zum neuzeitlichen Diktator. Hrsgg. R. Gundlach, H. Weber. Stuttgart: Steiner, 1992 (Schriften der Mainzer Philosophischen Fakultätsgesellschaft; 13). Pp. 1–22.
51. Helck W. Urkunden der 18. Dynastie. B., Akademie-Verlag, 1956–1961. (Urkunden des ägyptischen Altertums; 4). Hft. 17–22.
52. Helck W. Die Prophezeiung des Nfr.tj. Textzusammenstellung. 2., verbesserten Auflage. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1992.
53. Jasnow R. Remarks on Continuity in Egyptian Literary Tradition. Gold of Praise. Studies on Ancient Egypt in Honor of E.F. Wente. Eds. E. Teeter, J.A. Larson. Chicago: Oriental Institute, 1999 (Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilizations; 58). Pp. 193–210.
54. Kitchen K.A. Ramesside Inscriptions. Historical and Biographical. Oxford: Blackwell, 1969–1987. Vol. I–VII.
55. Ladynin I.A. The ‘Crisis of the Pyramid Builders’ in Herodotus’ Book II and the Epochs of Egyptian History. Deformations and Crises of the Ancient Civil Communities. Eds. V. Gouschin, P.D. Rhodes. Stuttgart: F. Steiner, 2015. Pp. 15–26.
56. Manetho. With an English translation by W. G. Waddell. Cambridge (Massachusetts); L.: Harvard University Press, William Heinemann Ltd., 1980. 256 p. (Loeb Classical Library; 350).
57. Posener G. À propos de la stèle de Bentresh. Bulletin de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale. 1934. T. 34. Pp. 75–81.
58. Spalinger A. On the Bentresh Stela and Related Problems. Journal of the Society of the Studies of Egyptian Antiquities. 1977–1978. Vol. 8. Pp. 11–18.
59. Schweitzer U. Das Wesen des Ka. Glückstadt-Hamburg-N.Y.: J.J. Augustin, 1956. (Ägyptologische Forschungen; 19).
60. Vacin L. Šulgi of Ur: Life, Deeds, Ideology and Legacy of a Mesopotamian Ruler as Reflected Primarily in Literary Texts. Ph.D. Thesis. L., 2011.
61. Wildung D. Die Rolle ägyptischer Könige im Bewustsein ihrer Nachwelt. Bd. I. B.: Hessling, 1969. (Münchner ägyptologische Studien; 17).
62. Žabkar L.V. A Study of the Ba Concept in Ancient Egyptian Texts. Chicago: Chicago Univ. Press, 1967. (Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilisation; 34).

Система Orphus

Loading...
Up