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“Dissertation Culture” in the Russian Empire: An Experience of the Russian Chemical Community
 
PIIS020596060008747-3-1
DOI10.31857/S020596060008747-3
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Yulia Evdokimenkova 
Affiliation: Library for Natural Sciences of RAS
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Natalya Soboleva
Affiliation: Library for Natural Sciences of RAS
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameVoprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki
EditionVolume 42 Issue 2
Pages296-322
Abstract

This article reviews the main features of the “dissertation culture” in the Russian Empire, as exemplified by the respective practices that existed among the pre-revolutionary Russian chemical community. The main stages in the defense of the dissertation studies in chemistry included passing the respective exams, consideration of a dissertation at the chemical faculty, disputation of dissertation, opponency, and publication of the study. The distinguishing features of Russian dissertations in natural science are identified and the formation of the tradition of preparing and submitting dissertations for defense is analyzed. It is emphasized that, in contrast to foreign doctoral dissertations, their Russian counterparts were distinguished for a profound theoretical study of the subject, a high degree of the candidate’s self-direction in conducting the research, and significance of its results: the resulting published study was a scientific monograph in a certain knowledge area. The examples of dissertations of the concrete Russian chemists are reviewed and their present whereabouts are analyzed.

Keywordschemical dissertations, Russian Empire, university, scientific degree, opponent, disputation of dissertation
Received11.03.2020
Publication date28.06.2021
Number of characters57790
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