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The Corona in Trials in the Late Roman Republic
 
Title (other)Corona в Римских судах эпохи поздней республики
PIIS032103910013524-9-1
DOI10.31857/S032103910013524-9
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Wjatscheslaw Chrustaljow 
Affiliation: Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Address: Russian Federation, St. Petersburg
Journal nameVestnik drevnei istorii
EditionVolume 81 Issue 1
Pages99-115
Abstract

In Late Republican Rome a circle of spectators (corona) was an indispensable attribute of every trial, both criminal and private. Corona was composed of friends and clients of the accused, young men studying rhetoric, as well as casual bystanders and simply those looking for entertainment. Those present at the trial were considered to be the representatives of the sovereign Roman people, whose presence should ensure legitimacy of the proceedings and fairness of the verdict. Corona is therefore to be understood as a kind of non-decision-making popular assembly. It was tacitly recognized that the people were allowed to express their opinion and even intervene in the proceedings when they thought the verdict to be unjust. Public consensus on judges’ decision was seen as desirable and important, so the jurors had to take into account the expectations of the audience.

Abstract (other)В позднереспубликанскую эпоху толпа зрителей (corona) была непременным атрибутом всякого судебного процесса, как уголовного, так и гражданского. Среди зрителей находились друзья и клиенты обвиняемого, молодые люди, обучавшиеся риторике, а также просто любопытные, и даже случайные прохожие. Зрители на судебном заседании считались представителями суверенного римского народа, которые своим присутствием должны были гарантировать легитимность судопроизводства и честность вынесенного судьями приговора. Corona поэтому может рассматриваться как разновидность народного собрания, не принимавшая, однако, обязательных к исполнению решений. Молчаливо признавалось, что народ имеет право открыто выражать свое мнение и даже вмешиваться в судопроизводство, если он по какой-либо причине считает приговор несправедливым. Общественный консенсус относительно решения судей был важен и желателен, и присяжные должны были принимать во внимание ожидания публики.
KeywordsLate Roman Republic, courts, Cicero, Roman oratory, Roman politics
AcknowledgmentRussian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 19-09-00183
Received23.06.2020
Publication date29.03.2021
Number of characters50143
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