A Problem of Selecting a Verb Stem for Prefixation: Some Considerations

Occupation: Associate Professor
Affiliation: National Research University Higher School of Economics
Address: 20 Myasnitskaya Str., Moscow, 101000, Russia

Journal name

Izvestiia Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriia literatury i iazyka

Edition

Volume 79 Issue 3

Pages

49-62

Abstract

The article focuses on the choice of verbal stem (perfective vs. imperfective) for prefixation. Although some tendencies have been described in existing work (for instance, the fact that lexical prefixes very often choose the perfective stem, while this is not true for supralexical prefixes), I show that many cases of stem choice cannot be explained by the opposition of lexical vs. supralexical prefixes. For instance, the verb prygat’ / prygnut’ ‘jump’ behaves differently with different lexical prefixes: with s-, only the perfective stem is possible (sprygat’ / *sprygnut’ ‘jump down from’), while with do-, either stem can be chosen (doprygat’ / doprygnut’ ‘reach something jumping’). In some pairs of verbs with similar meaning and similar stem relation, two lexemes behave not identically (cf. rastolkát’ ‘push to different directions’ vs. *razdvígat’ ‘move in different directions’). Many lexical prohibitions on one or another stem do not have an obvious explanation (here belongs the verb brosit’ / brosat’ ‘throw’, which can combine with the prefix vy- only in the perfective form, cf. výbrosit’ ‘throw out’ vs. *výbrosat’ ‘throw out’). I conclude that several parameters are responsible for the choice of the stem, such as 1) formal correlation of the basic verb stems; 2) meaning of the prefix; 3) meaning of the base and derived verbs.

Keywords

lexical aspect, stem, aspectual characteristics, prefixation, lexical and supralexical prefixes, verbs of directed motion, verbs of motion in various directions

Received

26.03.2020

Publication date

01.07.2020

Number of characters

47516

Cite

GOST	Letuchiy A. A Problem of Selecting a Verb Stem for Prefixation: Some Considerations // Izvestiia Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriia literatury i iazyka – 2020. – V. 79. – Issue 3 C. 49-62 [Electronic resource]. URL: https://izv-oifn.ru/S241377150009970-0-1 (circulation date: 25.04.2024). DOI: 10.31857/S241377150009970-0
MLA	Letuchiy, Alexander B "A Problem of Selecting a Verb Stem for Prefixation: Some Considerations." Izvestiia Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriia literatury i iazyka 79.3 (2020):49-62. DOI: 10.31857/S241377150009970-0
APA	Letuchiy A. (2020). A Problem of Selecting a Verb Stem for Prefixation: Some Considerations. Izvestiia Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriia literatury i iazyka 79(3), pp.49-62 DOI: 10.31857/S241377150009970-0

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