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Are the Words Pokhodu and Pokhozhe Similar?
 
PIIS013161170012874-0-1
DOI10.31857/S013161170012874-0
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Irina B. Levontina 
Affiliation: Vinogradov Russian Language Institute (Russian Academy of Sciences)
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameRusskaya Rech’
EditionIssue 6
Pages28-39
Abstract

Parasite-words, or fi llers, are of keen interest not only to linguists, but also to ordinary native speakers. The term parasite-words itself originates from the fi eld of speech culture, not descriptive linguistics. However, no other term has yet been found to denote the corresponding phenomenon in Russian language. In linguistics it is well-known that so-called ‘parasites’ perform many useful functions in the language and become harmful only when used excessively. Moreover, semantically, these words are not meaningless. The language is constantly updating. This is also typical for parasite-words — the fashion for them often changes. For some time now, a word pokhodu has been in vogue: A ti pokhodu sovsem durak? (You are, like, a complete idiot, aren’t you?); A u tebya pokhodu samoye dlinnoye sochineniye (Your essay is, like, the longest one). It is believed that pokhodu is a distorted word pokhozhe (‘it seems’). Indeed, in many examples, pokhodu can be replaced with pokhozhe. However, this is not always the case. In particular, pokhodu is freely used in special questions and imperatives, which is impossible for pokhozhe. In addition, observations of the real oral discourse show that before the discursive pokhodu appeared, expression po khodu dela (‘on the fl y’) and its variant po khodu p’yesy became more active — both with adverbial and weakened discursive meaning. The article also provides other arguments against interpreting pokhodu as distorted pokhozhe.

Keywordssemantics, speech culture, spontaneous speech, parasite-words, paronymic attraction, inner word form
AcknowledgmentThis research is supported by the grant of Russian Foundation for Basic Research № 19-012-00291.
Received29.12.2020
Publication date29.12.2020
Number of characters21248
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