The Monroe Doctrine and Anglo-American Rivalry in Latin America, 19th – early 20th centuries

In the article, the author analyses the issues related to the US adoption of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823 in the context of Anglo-American confrontation and rivalry in Latin America. The author examines the relations between the USA and Great Britain during the Spanish American wars of independence, the main aspects of the policy of “neutrality”, the actual support of Latin American patriots in their struggle against the Spanish metropole. Despite the common interest in preventing European competitors from entering South America, the Americans did not sign a joint document with the British, despite repeated proposals from London. The Doctrine was put into effect under conditions unfavourable to the US, characterised by Britain's unchallenged world domination in military and economic power. However, by the end of the nineteenth century, the situation changed dramatically in favour of the USA. The author analyses the content of the Doctrine (“America for the Americans”), its adjustment in the course of the rivalry between the USA and Great Britain in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and the concessions made by the UK in its rivalry with its strategic competitor. In all events related to the Anglo-American rivalry in Latin America, the Monroe Doctrine was the “starting point’ for the actions and statements of American politicians, and it is not by chance that President Woodrow Wilson stated at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference that the doctrine should be extended to the whole world.

Keywords

Monroe Doctrine, United States, United Kingdom, Latin American countries, international co-operation, international rivalry

Received

09.06.2023

Publication date

31.10.2023

Number of characters

38451

Cite

GOST	Ivanov N. The Monroe Doctrine and Anglo-American Rivalry in Latin America, 19th – early 20th centuries // Novaia i noveishaia istoriia – 2023. – Issue 5 C. 87-98 [Electronic resource]. URL: https://nni.jes.su/S013038640028070-5-1 (circulation date: 18.05.2024). DOI: 10.31857/S013038640028070-5
MLA	Ivanov, Nikolai "The Monroe Doctrine and Anglo-American Rivalry in Latin America, 19th – early 20th centuries." Novaia i noveishaia istoriia 5 (2023):87-98. DOI: 10.31857/S013038640028070-5
APA	Ivanov N. (2023). The Monroe Doctrine and Anglo-American Rivalry in Latin America, 19th – early 20th centuries. Novaia i noveishaia istoriia (5), pp.87-98 DOI: 10.31857/S013038640028070-5

100 rub.

When subscribing to an article or issue, the user can download PDF, evaluate the publication or contact the author. Need to register.

Number of purchasers: 0, views: 64

Readers community rating: votes 0

1. Sogrin V.V. Amerikanskaya civilizaciya [American Civilization]. Moskva, 2020. (In Russ.)

2. Adams J.Q. Diary. Vol. 31. 1820 // Massachusetts Historical Society. URL: https://www.masshist.org/jqadiaries/php/doc?id-jqad31_2 (access date: 15.07.2023)

3. Adams J.Q. Memoirs. Vol. VI. New York, 2010.

4. Adams L. Brothers Across the Ocean: British Foreign Policy and the Origins of the Anglo-American “special Relationship”, 1900–1905. London, 2012.

5. Alabama Claims of the United States of America against Great Britain // Reports of International Arbitral Awards. Vol. XXIX. 1871. United Nations. New York, 2012. P. 125–134.

6. Balmer-Thomas V. The Economic History of Latin America Since Independence. Cambridge, 2003.

7. Ben-Atar D.S. Trade Secrets: Intellectual Piracy and the Origins of American Industrial Power. New Haven (Conn.), 2004.

8. Braveboy-Wagner J.A. The Venezuela-Guyana Border Dispute: Britain’s Colonial Legacy in Latin America. Abington, 2019.

9. British Consular Reports on the Trade and Politics of Latin America, 1824–1826 / ed. R.A. Humphreys. London, 1940.

10. Cavanagh Hodge C., Nolan C.J. U.S. Presidents and Foreign Policy: From 1789 to the Present. Santa Barbara, 2007.

11. Friedman M.P. Return of the Monroe Doctrine: Making Latin America Irate again // Center for Latin American and Latino Studies, 02.02.2017. URL: https://aulablog.net/2017/02/02/return-of-the-monroe-doctrine-making-latin-america-irate-again (access date: 15.07.2023).

12. Hamilton R.M. The Monroe Doctrine: The Birth of American Foreign Policy. New York, 2017.

13. Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970. Washington (D.C). 1975.

14. Inman S.G. The Monroe Doctrine and Hispanic America // The Hispanic American Historical Review. 1921. Vol. 4. № 4. P. 635–676.

15. Kennedy P. Strategy and Diplomacy, 1870–1945: Eight Studies. London, 1983.

16. Knock T.J. To End All Wars: Woodrow Wilson and the Quest for a New World Order. New York, 1992.

17. Kossak M. El contenido burgués de las Revoluciones de independencia en América Latina // Secuencia. 1989. № 13. P. 144–162.

18. Lockey J.B. Pan-americanism. Its Beginnings. New York, 1920.

19. Major J. Prize Possession: The United States Government and the Panama Canal 1903–1979. Cambridge, 2003.

20. Marichal C. A Century of Debt crises in Latin America: from Independence to the Great Depression, 1820–1930. Princeton, 1989.

21. McGrath T. James Monroe: A Life. New York, 2020.

22. Modeste D.M. The Monroe Doctrine in a Contemporary Perspective. Routledge, 2020

23. Neale R.G. British-American Relations during the Spanish-American War: Some Problems // Historical Studies: Australia and New Zealand. 1953. Vol. 6. № 21. P. 70–79.

24. Olcott C.S. The Life of William McKinley. Vol. 2. Boston; New York, 1916.

25. Report of the American Historical Association. Vol. II. New York, 1899.

26. Reports of International Arbitral Awards. 1871. Vol. XXIX. New York, 2012.

27. Santa-Cruz A. US Hegemony and the Americas: Power and Economic Statecraft in International Relations. Routledge, 2020.

28. Schellenberg T.R. The Secret Treaty of Verona: A Newspaper Forgery // The Journal of Modern History. 1935. Vol. 7. № 3. P. 280–291.

29. Sexton J. The Monroe Doctrine: Empire and Nation in Nineteenth-Century America. New York, 2011.

30. Swanson D. The Monroe Doctrine at 200 and What to Replace it With. New York, 2023.

31. Tatum E.H. Jr. The United States and Europe, 1815–1823: A Study in the Background of the Monroe Doctrine. Berkeley, 1936.

32. Temperley H.W.V. The Later American Policy of George Canning // The American Historical Review. 1906. Vol. 11. № 4. P. 779–797.

33. Torre del Río R. de la. El falso tratado secreto de Verona de 1822 // Cuadernos de Historia Contemporánea. 2011. Vol. 33. Р. 277–293.

34. Tyler D. John Hay: From Poetry to Politics. New York, 1933.

35. Wagner J.B. The Venezuela-Guyana Border Dispute: Britain’s Colonial Legacy in Latin America. Abington, 2019.

36. Webster C.K. Britain and the Independence of Latin America. Oxford, 1944.

37. Whitaker A.P. The Western Hemisphere Idea: Its Rise and Decline. Ithaca, 1954.