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Competition Development in Retail Electricity Markets: Opportunities for Improving the Russian Laws on the Electric Power Industry
 
PIIS231243500029321-1-1
DOI10.61525/S231243500029321-1
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Konstantin V. Moskvin 
Occupation: Lawyer of the Regulatory Support Department of the Legal Unit of Association Market Council for Organizing an Effective System of Wholesale and Retail Trade in Electrical Energy and Power Non-Profit Partnership; Postgraduate Student of Autonomous Non-Comm
Affiliation:
Association Market Council for Organizing an Effective System of Wholesale and Retail Trade in Electrical Energy and Power Non-Profit Partnership
Autonomous Non-Commercial Organization V. A. Musin Research Centre for the Development of Energy Law and Mod
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameEnergy law forum
EditionIssue 4
Pages77-89
Abstract

Taking measures to develop competition and improve market relations is of paramount importance for the functioning of the electric power industry. This is due to the implementation of the strategic tasks set for the industry to improve the reliability and quality of power supply to consumers, the need to achieve the energy security goals of the Russian Federation, and the role of the electric power industry in strengthening the national economy. Currently, retail markets are highly concentrated and have poor competition due to a number of problems that have not yet been resolved. The Russian Ministry of Energy has prepared a promising model of competitive retail electricity markets that establishes basic requirements for a promising model of these markets, as well as the areas where competitive relations should be developed. The implementation of the underlying principles of the concept requires amendments to Russian laws on the electric power industry. To this end, we propose to consider drafting a federal law and a decree of the Government of the Russian Federation in furtherance thereof.

Keywordsenergy law, legal regulation of retail electricity markets, competitive retail electricity market model
Received28.08.2023
Publication date24.01.2024
Number of characters40648
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Table of contents

I. Значимость принятия мер по развитию конкуренции и совершенствованию рыночных отношений в сфере электроэнергетики
II. Проблемы развития конкурентных розничных рынковэлектрической энергии
III. Перспективная модель конкурентных розничных рынков электрической энергии. План подготовки изменений в законодательство Российской Федерации об электроэнергетике
1

I. Значимость принятия мер по развитию конкуренции и совершенствованию рыночных отношений в сфере электроэнергетики
2 Вопросы, связанные с развитием рыночных отношений и конкуренции в электроэнергетике, имели принципиальное значение для отрасли как в период реформирования, так и на современном этапе ее развития.
3 Основными направлениями реформирования электроэнергетики Российской Федерации было предусмотрено, что стратегической задачей проведения реформы отрасли являлся перевод электроэнергетики в режим устойчивого развития на базе применения прогрессивных технологий и рыночных принципов функционирования, обеспечение на этой основе надежного, экономически эффективного удовлетворения платежеспособного спроса на электрическую энергию. [1]
4 Проводимая реформа основывалась на принципах демонополизации и развития конкуренции в секторах производства, сбыта и оказания услуг (ремонт, наладка, проектирование и т.д.), обеспечения всем производителям и потребителям равного доступа к инфраструктуре рынка, обеспечения финансовой прозрачности рынков электроэнергии [2]. К числу факторов, от которых зависело успешное преобразование отрасли, отнесены создание конкурентных рынков электроэнергии во всех регионах страны, в которых организация таких рынков технически возможна, а также создание нормативной правовой базы отрасли, регулирующей ее функционирование в новых экономических условиях.
5 Совершенствование рынков электроэнергии было выделено в отдельное направление реформы, в рамках которого предполагалось проведение мероприятий по преобразованию федерального (общероссийского) оптового рынка электрической энергии (мощности) в полноценный конкурентный оптовый рынок электроэнергии и формирование эффективных розничных рынков электрической энергии, обеспечивающих надежное энергоснабжение потребителей в условиях поэтапного развития на них конкуренции.
6 Впоследствии сформированный в Основных направлениях реформирования электроэнергетики Российской Федерации концепт и принципы организации экономических отношений, возникающих в процессе производства, передачи, сбыта и потребления электрической энергии в пределах рынков электрической энергии (мощности), нашли свое отражение в Федеральном законе от 26.03.2003 № 35-ФЗ «Об электроэнергетике» (далее – ФЗ «Об электроэнергетике»).
7 На территории Российской Федерации действует двухуровневый рынок электрической энергии и мощности – оптовый и розничный.
8 Согласно пункту 1 статьи 6 ФЗ «Об электроэнергетике» одним из общих принципов организации экономических отношений и основ государственной политики в сфере электроэнергетики является использование рыночных отношений и конкуренции в качестве одного из основных инструментов формирования устойчивой системы удовлетворения спроса на электрическую энергию при условии обеспечения надлежащего качества и минимизации стоимости электрической энергии.

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