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“A Disunited Kingdom”: the Muslim Diaspora of Great Britain in Scientific Discussion
 
PIIS013122270016920-3-1
DOI10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-8-120-130
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Maxim Sigachev 
Affiliation: Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO)
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Sergey Arteev
Affiliation: Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO)
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameMirovaia ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniia
EditionVolume 65 Issue 8
Pages120-130
Abstract

The present world is characterized by the growth of conflicts. Dividing lines and fractures are increasingly appearing in societies. Migration reinforces such phenomena. The West is no longer an area of stability and prosperity. Moreover, in the last two decades, the problem of integrating the descendants of migrants into society has become clear. In this regard, the scientific discussions of cultural identity acquire a high practical significance. The paper presents an analysis of the scientific discourse on the Muslim issue in the UK. The choice of the case is due to the fact that the UK is a typical Western state, where there is a steady trend to strengthen the cleavage of society. At the same time, it is noted that migration has become one of the key processes in the history of the United Kingdom. The authors apply the concepts of a divided society and responsible development. It is noted that in practice multiculturalism is changing to interculturalism as a more adequate concept of solving existing problems. According to the authors, the ethno-religious discourse on the issue of the Muslim diaspora in the UK consists of four areas: migration, school and higher education, gender, and radicalization of young people. Discourses on the problems of migration policy and functioning of diasporas, Muslim education, gender equality, and radicalization of Islamic youth can be considered derived from a higher discourse – the discourse of identity, which is based on value-worldview aspects. In conclusion, it is noted that negative processes are taking place in British society, which are of strategic importance for responsible development. According to the authors, success in overcoming divisions in British society will depend on coordinated planned actions at all levels (international, national, regional, local). “Indigenous” residents and the Muslim diaspora need to build a model of partnership, which implies mutual responsibility. The analysis of scientific discourses presented in the article inspires moderate optimism, as it offers well-founded and concrete solutions to the existing problems of British society. Although British society is divided, British scientific discourse has a common platform where researchers of different backgrounds and faiths successfully engage in dialogue.

Keywordssociocultural identity, Great Britain, United Kingdom, Islam, British Muslims, multiculturalism, interculturalism
Publication date24.09.2021
Number of characters32165
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Table of contents

БРИТАНСКОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО: ЛИНИИ РАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ КАК ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ И СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНЫЙ ЛАНДШАФТ
Иммиграция в Британию: вызов и ответ
Сецессионная угроза и Brexit
МУСУЛЬМАНСКАЯ ДИАСПОРА БРИТАНИИ В НАУЧНОМ ДИСКУРСЕ
МУСУЛЬМАНСКАЯ ИММИГРАЦИЯ НА БРИТАНСКИЕ ОСТРОВА
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ ДЛЯ БРИТАНСКИХ МУСУЛЬМАН: ИНКЛЮЗИЯ ИЛИ СЕПАРАТИЗМ?
МУСУЛЬМАНЕ БРИТАНИИ И ГЕНДЕР
МУСУЛЬМАНСКАЯ МОЛОДЕЖЬ: ПРОБЛЕМА ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ И РАДИКАЛИЗАЦИЯ
1 Социально-политические процессы в современном научном дискурсе получают множество самых разнообразных интерпретаций. Многие ученые признают усложнение структуры общества большинства государств, происходящее в тесной связке с реконфигурацией международной политической и экономической архитектуры, возникновением новых центров силы и усиливающимися миграционными потоками, которые являются своеобразными знаменателем и мерой оценки текущих реалий. Все это актуализирует вопросы о сочетаемости идентичностей и общественном диалоге, оптимальных способах консолидации общества и эффективных ответах на возникающие угрозы. При этом “старый” Запад утрачивает репутацию территории стабильности и процветания, что тесно переплетается с вопросами демографии и миграции.
2 Теоретико-методологически статья базируется на концепции разделенных обществ. Понятие “разделенное общество” все чаще употребляется в политологических исследованиях, что связано с ростом конфликтности и конфронтационного потенциала в планетарных масштабах. Однако разные исследователи вкладывают в концепт “разделенные общества” отличные друг от друга смыслы [1]. Можно говорить о двух подходах к разделению (разлому, расколу) обществ: узком (спроецированном на формальных институтах) [2, 3] и широком (не носящем формально-институализированный характер) [4, 5]. Авторы считают, что разделенные общества – это социально-политические общности, в которых ценностно-мировоззренческий раскол между группами населения проецируется сразу на несколько сфер, что приводит к появлению нескольких линий разломов. Такие линии разделения не только угрожают стабильному развитию общества, но и могут ставить под вопрос само существование конкретного государства в качестве международно-политического субъекта. Своеобразными alter ego концепции разделенных обществ выступают теории устойчивого и ответственного развития [6, 7]. Следует отметить, что сегодня проблематика развития занимает важнейшее место в политической науке. Термины “общественное развитие”, “устойчивое развитие”, “ответственное развитие” стали частью лексикона политиков и широко применяются в экспертной среде.
3

БРИТАНСКОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО: ЛИНИИ РАЗДЕЛЕНИЯ КАК ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ И СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНЫЙ ЛАНДШАФТ
4 Разделенность не является уникальной характеристикой британского общества. Однако среди государств Запада именно Британия в текущий период сталкивается с таким большим количеством разнородных взаимосвязанных угроз, что делает ее наиболее представительным примером для исследования, в том числе анализа британского научного дискурса. В первой трети XXI в. Великобритания столкнулась сразу с несколькими “разделительными” вызовами, среди которых наиболее серьезными являются инокультурная иммиграция, сецессионная угроза и Brexit.

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