The Politics of Memory vs History: Theoretical, Methodological and Applied Aspects

The article discusses aspects related to the purposeful use by socio-political actors of such tools as symbolic politics (memory politics, historical politics). The relevance of the methods used to manipulate social axiological attitudes and orientations is due to both the transition of society (institutional, structural, value, behavioral) to the post-industrial, information era, and the end of deideologization. The semantic vacuum of the late 20th — early 21th centuries in many countries of the world, it is very actively replaced by the narrativization of history as an effective tool for maintaining the legitimacy of power and constructing identities. The analysis of the memory policy in a theoretical and methodological way revealed the absence of paradigmatic concepts that could interpret this phenomenon. At the same time, the topic of memory studies has led to the so–called “third wave”, which is characterized, on the one hand, by the semantic differentiation of the problem field, and on the other hand, by the formation of the actual-applied axis “core — periphery”. The applied aspects of the commentary concerning the Russian case are also analyzed. The periodization of the development of the political use of the past is highlighted, which is characterized by an explicit strengthening of the influence of historical and memorial politics on public groups, which inevitably transforms classical historical science towards posthistory. Some aspects of the regional dimension of memory policy, which problematize the heterogeneity of identity, are considered separately.

Keywords

history, post-history, symbolic politics, politics of memory, historical politics, commemoration, legitimacy of power, identity

Received

17.08.2022

Publication date

30.12.2022

Number of characters

32146

Cite

GOST	Krotkov V. The Politics of Memory vs History: Theoretical, Methodological and Applied Aspects // ISTORIYA – 2022. – V. 13. – Issue 12 (122). Part 2 [Electronic resource]. URL: https://history.jes.su/S207987840024066-1-1 (circulation date: 05.07.2024). DOI: 10.18254/S207987840024066-1
MLA	Krotkov, Vladimir "The Politics of Memory vs History: Theoretical, Methodological and Applied Aspects." ISTORIYA 13.12-2 (122) (2022) DOI: 10.18254/S207987840024066-1
APA	Krotkov V. (2022). The Politics of Memory vs History: Theoretical, Methodological and Applied Aspects. ISTORIYA 13(12-2 (122)) DOI: 10.18254/S207987840024066-1

100 rub.

When subscribing to an article or issue, the user can download PDF, evaluate the publication or contact the author. Need to register.

Number of purchasers: 0, views: 133

Readers community rating: votes 0

1. Abdulov R. Eh., Dzhabborov D. B., Komolov O. O. Deglobalizatsiya: krizis neoliberalizma i dvizhenie k novomu miroporyadku. Nauchnyj doklad. M.: Nauchnaya laboratoriya sovremennoj politehkonomii, 2021. DOI 10.13140/RG.2.2.28808.14087.

2. Abradova E. S. Politika pamyati kak instrument sokhraneniya tsennostej v protsesse formirovaniya novoj natsional'noj identichnosti (na primere Rossii) / Politicheskie vyzovy i politicheskij dialog v usloviyakh global'noj turbulentnosti. Materialy Vserossijskoj konferentsii RAPN s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem. Moskva, INION RAN, MGIMO MID Rossii, 02—03.12.2022 / red. Gaman-Golutvina O. V., Smorgunov L. V., Timofeevoj L. N. M.: Aspekt Press, 2022. S. 23.

3. Almond G., Verba S. Grazhdanskaya kul'tura. Politicheskie ustanovki i demokratii pyati natsij // Antologiya mirovoj politicheskoj mysli. T. II. M., 1997.

4. Anikin D. A. Travmatizatsiya proshlogo v kontekste politiki pamyati: metodologiya issledovaniya // Nauka, obrazovanie i kul'tura. 2018. № 9.

5. Assman Ya. Kul'turnaya pamyat': pis'mo, pamyat' o proshlom i politicheskaya identichnost' v vysokikh kul'turakh drevnosti / per. s nem. Sokol'skaya M. M. M.: Yazyki slavyanskoj kul'tury, 2004. S. 17.

6. Efremenko D. V. Obzhivaya ruiny sovetskoj sistemy: k voprosu o rossijskom neopatrimonializme // Politicheskaya nauka. 2017. № 3. S. 76.

7. Zubarevich N. V. Razvitie rossijskogo prostranstva: bar'ery i vozmozhnosti regional'noj politiki // Mir novoj ehkonomiki. 2017. № 2.

8. Ignatovich E. A. Istoricheskaya politika kak politika pamyati i problemy identichnosti v sovremennoj Ispanii // Rossijskij zhurnal issledovanij natsionalizma. 2019. № 1-2.

9. Inglkhart R. Postmodern: menyayuschiesya tsennosti i izmenyayuschiesya obschestva // Polis. Politicheskie issledovaniya. 1997. № 4.

10. Kapitsyn V. M. Politika pamyati i simvol'nyj dizajn v gorode // Vestnik Instituta sotsiologii. 2015. № 2.

11. Kirchanov M. V. Regional'naya «politika pamyati» Rossii: aktory, napravleniya, perspektivy razvitiya memorial'noj kul'tury // PolitBook. 2022. № 1. S. 27.

12. Krotkov V. Historical Politics as a Tool for Legitimizing the Elite and National Identity // ISTORIYA. 2022. Vol. 13. Issue 2 (112). URL: https://history.jes.su/s207987840020443-6-1/ DOI: 10.18254/S207987840020443-6

13. Lapin N. I. Slozhnost' stanovleniya novoj Rossii. Antroposotsiokul'turnyj podkhod. M.: Ves' Mir, 2021.

14. Lapin N. I., Belyaeva L. A., Kasavina N. A. Fundamental'nye tsennosti tsivilizatsionnogo vybora Rossii // Rossiya na puti konsolidatsii. Sbornik statej. SPb.: Nestor-Istoriya, 2015. S. 30.

15. Lotman Yu. M. Semiotika kul'tury i ponyatie teksta // Lotman Yu. M. Izbrannye stat'i. T. 1. Tallinn: Aleksandra, 1992.

16. Malinova O. Yu. Politika pamyati kak oblast' simvolicheskoj politiki // Metodologicheskie voprosy izucheniya politiki pamyati. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov / otv. red. Miller A. I., Efremenko D. V. M.; SPb.: Nestor-Istoriya, 2018. S. 34.

17. Mozhejko M. A. Fenomen postistorii: traktovka sotsial'nogo vremeni v sovremennoj kul'ture // Vestnik belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta kul'tury i iskusstv. 2005. № 5. S. 22—30.

18. Nora P. Vsemirnoe torzhestvo pamyati // Neprikosnovennyj zapas. 2005. № 2—3.

19. Nora P. Problematika mest pamyati // Frantsiya-pamyat' / Nora P., Ozuf M., de Pyuimezh Zh., Vinok M. SPb.: Izdatel'stvo Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta, 1999. S. 28.

20. Pilyugina K. P. Sotsial'noe programmirovanie i memory studies: praktiki vzaimodejstviya // Politicheskie vyzovy i politicheskij dialog v usloviyakh global'noj turbulentnosti. Materialy Vserossijskoj konferentsii RAPN s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem. Moskva, INION RAN, MGIMO MID Rossii, 02—03.12.2022 / red. Gaman-Golutvina O. V., Smorgunov L. V., Timofeeva L. N. M.: Aspekt Press, 2022. S. 338.

21. Ryabov A. V. Nedemokraticheskie perekhody i tipy postsovetskikh rezhimov // Tsar' gory: Nedemokraticheskij transfer vlasti na postsovetskom prostranstve / Khejl G., Ivanov E., Iskandaryan A.; red. Rogov K. M.: Liberal'naya Missiya, 2019. S. 24.

22. Safronova Yu. A. Memory studies: ehvolyutsiya, problematika i institutsional'noe razvitie // Metodologicheskie voprosy izucheniya politiki pamyati. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov / otv. red. Miller A. I., Efremenko D. V. M.; SPb.: Nestor-Istoriya, 2018. S. 12.

23. Semenenko I. S. Politika pamyati v Evrope i evropejskaya politika pamyati: narrativy i orientiry // Dnevnik Altajskoj shkoly politicheskikh issledovanij. 2020. № 36.

24. Skiperskikh A. V. Politika pamyati o Velikoj Otechestvennoj vojne v Lipetskoj oblasti: aktory, spetsifika, posledstviya // Diskurs-Pi. 2021. T. 18. № 4.

25. Smorgunov L. V. Problema metodologicheskogo sinteza v sovremennoj sravnitel'noj politologii // Vestnik SPbGU. Seriya 6. 2011. Vyp. 1. S. 77.

26. Tolstykh V. I. Proshloe. Tsennosti i problemy // Rossiya na puti konsolidatsii. Sbornik statej. SPb.: Nestor-Istoriya, 2015. S. 184—185.

27. Fedorov A. V. Dve Rossii // Rossijskij akademicheskij zhurnal. 2012. T. 19. № 1.

28. Khal'bvaks M. Sotsial'nye ramki pamyati. M., 2007.

29. Chislennost' naseleniya Rossijskoj Federatsii po polu i vozrastu na 01 yanvarya 2021 g. Sbornik statej // Rosstat. M., 2021.

30. Chubar'yan A. O. Ehto politizatsiya istorii [Ehlektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/4241865 (data obrascheniya: 20.12.2022).

31. Shtompka P. Sotsial'noe izmenenie kak travma // Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya. 2001. № 1.

32. Yakovlev M. V. Osobennosti politicheskoj kul'tury v sovremennoj politike stran SNG // Obozrevatel'. 2021. № 6. S. 73.

33. Beck U. The Metamorphosis of the World. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2016.

34. Feindt G., Krawatzek F., Mehler D., Pestel F., Trimcev R. Entangled Memory: Toward a Third Wave in Memory Studies // History and Theory. Vol. 53. 2014. No. 1.

35. Sherman D. The Construction of Memory in Interwar France. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999.