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The First (1895) and the Second (1903) Venezuelan Crises: a Comparative Analysis of Geopolitical Consequences
 
PIIS207987840018150-4-1
DOI10.18254/S207987840018150-4
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Vyacheslav Shacillo 
Affiliation: State Academic University for the Humanities
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameISTORIYA
Edition
Abstract

The article presents a comparative analysis of the geopolitical consequences of two international crises in Latin America in the end of 19th — the beginning of the 20th century. The first Venezuelan crisis caused by a territorial dispute between Venezuela and the British Empire, worsened also relations between Washington and London. The government of the USA considered that the territorial claims of Great Britain to one of the Latin American countries threatened the vital interests of the United States and were in contradiction with the principles of the Monroe doctrine. Based on such considerations, the White House demanded the convening of an international tribunal to resolve this territorial dispute. The British government originally refused to accept the American proposal, and then, under the pressure of international circumstances, agreed to arbitration and actually recognized the Monroe doctrine. Afterwards, the process of rapprochement between the two countries began. During the Second Venezuelan crisis, caused by the financial demands of a number of European countries to the Venezuelan government, the main opponent of the United States was the German Empire, which also did not recognize the Monroe doctrine and tried to strengthen its financial and military positions in Latin America. The German-American confrontation in Venezuela seriously worsened relations between Washington and Berlin and led to a closer Anglo-American cooperation. Thus, both crises changed the geopolitical situation not only in Latin America, but also worldwide.

Keywordsinternational relations, Venezuela, Guiana, USA, UK, Germany, Monroe Doctrine, international arbitration, Olney Doctrine
AcknowledgmentThe article is prepared in the State Academic University for Humanities as a part of the theme № FZNF-2020-0001 supported by the Ministry of science and high school of the Russian Federation.
Received01.10.2021
Publication date27.12.2021
Number of characters43904
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