All
 
|
 
 


Elusive Female Subjectivity in the Russian Empire in the Second Half of the 19th — early 20th Centuries: Socio-Medical Practices of Women's Religious Communities
 
PIIS207987840013764-9-1
DOI10.18254/S207987840013764-9
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Nadezhda Belyakova 
Affiliation: Institute of World History RAS
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Nataliya Shok
Affiliation: Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Address: Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod
Journal nameISTORIYA
Edition
Abstract

This article examines women's charitable ministry in the Russian Empire using the example of social and medical practices of women's religious communities. This phenomenon was not publicly covered in the post-reform Russian society, but, as the authors managed to establish, it was widespread throughout the Empire. The social and medical ministry of the women's convents helped to solve the urgent problems of local and rural communities. Nuns and novices provided social, spiritual and medical assistance to the most vulnerable groups — widows, unmarried elderly women, crippled and poor people, orphans. The authors expand the concept of “women's charitable subjectivity” through the use of interdisciplinary methodology, which implies the optics of the “mutual influence” of medicine and religion in historical research. In the study of women's charity, we involve the historiography of the social history of medicine and the history of women's religiosity in the Russian Empire. This perspective allowed us to discover and research the socio-medical practices of women's communities (cloisters). The authors tried to fit this plot into the social context of the history of zemskaya (“zemstvo”) medicine, social reforms and the specifics of the secularization of post-reform Russian Empire. The search-problematic nature of the article allows us to examine the place of female subjectivity — both medical and religious — from the perspective of the complex processes of modernization of society in the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th — early 20th centuries.

Keywordswomen’s religious community, convent, social service, charity, almshouse, social history of medicine, hospitals, medicine and religion, female subjectivity, Russian Empire
Received08.10.2020
Publication date28.02.2021
Number of characters81745
Cite  
100 rub.
When subscribing to an article or issue, the user can download PDF, evaluate the publication or contact the author. Need to register.

Number of purchasers: 0, views: 502

Readers community rating: votes 0 

1. Adlykova A. P. Monastyri Altajskoj Dukhovnoj Missii vo vtoroj polovine XIX — nachale XX vv.: Dis. … kand. ist. nauk. Gorno-Altajsk, 2003.
2. Babayan A. V., Katsalova N. F. Zhenskie meditsinskie uchebnye zavedeniya v Rossii (konets XIX — nachalo KhKh vv.) // Istoriko-pedagogicheskij zhurnal. 2013. № 2. S. 63—70.
3. Belkin A. I., Luk'yanova T. V. Miloserdie i vera: k voprosu o deyatel'nosti meditsinskikh uchrezhdenij v monastyryakh Mordovskogo kraya // Gumanitarij: aktual'nye problemy gumanitarnoj nauki i obrazovaniya. 2015. № 2(30). S. 30—34.
4. Belova O. A. Blagotvoritel'nye uchrezhdeniya Ryazanskoj gubernii 1874—1900 // Voprosy shkol'noj i universitetskoj meditsiny i zdorov'ya. 2015. № 3. S. 57—60.
5. Belyakova E. V., Emchenko E.  B., Belyakova N.A. Zhenschina v pravoslavii: tserkovnoe pravo i rossijskaya praktika. M.: Kuchkovo pole, 2011.
6. Belyakova E. V., Belyakova N. A. Obsuzhdenie voprosa o diakonissakh na Pomestnom Sobore 1917—1918 gg. // Tserkovno-istoricheskij vestnik. № 8. 2000. S. 139—161.
7. Blokhina N. N. Stanovlenie i razvitie Odesskoj Sturdzovskoj bogadel'ni serdobol'nykh sester miloserdiya (1850—1917) // Traditsii i sovremennost'. 2016. № 18. S. 20—43
8. Bruk Dzh. Kh. Nauka i religiya. Istoricheskaya perspektiva. Biblejsko-bogoslovskij institut Sv. Apostola Andreya. M., 2004.
9. Gorelova L. E., Surovtseva T. I. Zemskaya meditsina i blagotvoritel'nost' v Rossii // Istoriya meditsiny. 2014. № 4 (4). S. 29—33.
10. Denisov V. V. Bogadel'ni i bol'nitsy v monastyryakh Verkhnego Povolzh'ya (vtoraya polovina XVIII — nachalo XX vv. // Molodoj uchenyj. 2012. № 6(41). S. 473—478.
11. Zimin I. V. Zhenskoe meditsinskoe obrazovanie v Rossii, vtoraya polovina VIII — nachalo XX vv.: dis. ... kandidata istoricheskikh nauk. SPb., 1999.
12. Zorin K. V. Sotsial'no-psikhologicheskie i sotsial'no-meditsinskie aspekty professional'noj deyatel'nosti moskovskikh obschin sester miloserdiya (seredina XIX — nachalo XX vv.) //Novoe v psikhologo-pedagogicheskikh issledovaniyakh. 2011. № 3(23). S. 191—198.
13. Zorin K. V. Meditsinskaya deyatel'nost' moskovskikh obschin sester miloserdiya: seredina XIX — nachalo XX vv.: avtoreferat dis. ... kandidata meditsinskikh nauk. M.: RAMN, 2012.
14. Zyryanov P. N. Russkie monastyri i monashestvo v XIX i nachale XX veka. M., 2002.
15. Kirichenko O. V. Zhenskoe pravoslavnoe starchestvo v Rossii // Ehtnograficheskoe obozrenie. 2010. № 4. S. 171—188.
16. Kozlovtseva E. N. Moskovskie obschiny sester miloserdiya v KhIKh — nachale KhKh vv. M., 2010.
17. Kondrashkina L. G. Uchastie zhenschin v deyatel'nosti meditsinskikh obschestvennykh organizatsij i uchrezhdenij Rossii v XVIII—XIX vv.: diss. ... kandidata istoricheskikh nauk. SPb., 2002.
18. Kuznetsov A. A., Kuznetsova Zh. G. Ob uchastii sibirskogo pravoslavnogo dukhovenstva v reshenii sotsial'nykh problem v poreformennyj period // Izvestiya Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya «Politologiya. Religiovedenie» 2016. T. 17. S. 122—128.
19. Kuznetsov A. A., Kuznetsova Zh. G. Ob uchastii sibirskogo pravoslavnogo dukhovenstva v reshenii sotsial'nykh problem v poreformennyj period // Izvestiya Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya «Politologiya. Religiovedenie». 2016. T. 17. S. 122—128.
20. Kulagina I. P. Russkie zhenschiny v meditsine vo vtoroj polovine XIX— nachala XX vv.: pravovye i prakticheskie problemy // Yuridicheskaya nauka i praktika: Vestnik Nizhegorodskoj akademii MVD Rossii. 2012. № 2 (18). S. 19—23.
21. Kurlyandskij I. A. Mitropolit Innokentij (Veniaminov) i igumen'ya Mitrofaniya (Po novym arkhivnym dannym) // Tserkov' v istorii Rossii. 1999. S. 134—159.
22. Mel'nikova L. V. Krestovozdvizhenskaya obschina sester popecheniya o ranenykh kak proobraz Krasnogo kresta // Rossijskaya istoriya. 2009. № 5. S. 119—134.
23. Mel'nikova L. V. Obschiny sester miloserdiya i zhenskie pravoslavnye monastyri vo vremya Russko-turetskoj vojny 1877—1878 gg. // Rossijskaya istoriya. 2016. № 6. S. 28—45.
24. Perevalova E. V. Voprosy zhenskogo vysshego obrazovaniya v otechestvennoj presse 1860—1880-kh gg. (na materiale gazety «Moskovskie vedomosti») // Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii. 2015. № 4. S. 136—142.
25. Smirnova E. M. Stanovlenie sistemy zdravookhraneniya v Rossijskoj provintsiyu 1775—1914 gg (po materialam regiona Verkhnej Volgi): dis. ... doktora istoricheskikh nauk. Yaroslavl', 2017.
26. Smolich I. K. Russkoe monashestvo. 988—1917. M., 1997.
27. Ul'yanova G. N. Blagotvoritel'nost' v Rossijskoj Imperii XIX — nach. KhKh v. Ros. akad. nauk, In-t ros. istorii. M., 2005.
28. Ul'yanova G. N. Blagotvoritel'nost' i obschestvennoe prizrenie v Rossii KhIKh — nachala XX vv. institutsional'noe razvitie v kontekste formirovaniya grazhdanskogo obschestva // Trudy Instituta rossijskoj istorii RAN. 2000. № 2. S. 164—217.
29. Ul'yanova G. N. Zhenschiny-predprinimateli Peterburga i Moskvy v 1860-e gg. (po «spravochnym knigam o litsakh, poluchivshikh kupecheskie svidetel'stva») // Ehkonomicheskaya istoriya: ezhegodnik. 2016. T. 2014—2015. S. 54—82.
30. Yukina I. I. Zhenskoe dvizhenie i feminizm v 1850—1920-e gg.: materialy k bibliografii. M.: Aletejeya, 2003.
31. Beliakova N. Women in the Church: Conceptions of Orthodox Theologians in Early Twentieth-Century Russia // Orthodox Christianity and Gender. Dynamics of Tradition, Culture and Lived Practice / ed. By Helena Kupari, Elina Vuola. Routlege. 2019. P. 47—52.
32. Brereton V. L., Bendroth M. L. Secularization and Gender: an historical Approach to Women and Religion in the Twentieth Century // Method & Theory in the Study of Religion. Vol. 13. No. 2. 2001. P. 209—223.
33. Crislip A. T. From monastery to hospital: Christian monasticism and the transformation of health care in late antiquity. Ann-Arbor: University of Michigan press, 2005.
34. Ferngren G. B. Medicine and Health Care in Early Christianity. JHU Press, 2009.
35. Ferngren G. B. The history of Science and religion in the Western Tradition: an encyclopedia. N. Y.: Garland, 2000.
36. Kenworthy S. “Abbess Taisiia of Leushino and the reform of women’s monasticism in early 20th-century Russia” // Culture and Identity in Eastern Christian History: Papers from the First Biennial Conference of the Association for the Study of Eastern Christian History and Culture / ed. by R. Martin and J. Spock. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 2009. P. 83—102.
37. Lindberg D. S., Numbers R. L. God and Nature: Historical Essays on the Encounter between Christianity and Science. Berkeley: University of California, 1986.
38. Meehan B. Popular Piety, Local initiative and the Founding of Religious Communities in Russia, 1764—1907 // St. Vladimir Theological Quarterly. 1986. Vol. 30. N. 2. P.117—142.
39. Meehan B. Holy Women of Russia: The Lives of Five Orthodox Women Offer Spiritual Guidance for Today. San Franciso: HarperCollins, 1993.
40. Meehan B. To Save Oneself: Russian Peasant Women and the Development of Women’s Religious Communities in Prerevolutionary Russia” // Russian Peasant Women / ed. by B. Farnsworth and L. Viola. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.
41. Miller L. M. Under the Protection of the Virgin. The Feminization of Monasticism in Imperial Russia, 1700—1723. A Dissertation for a Degree Ph. D. Brandeis University, 2009.
42. Rosslyn W. Deeds, Not Words: Women's Philanthropy in the Russian Empire in the Early Nineteenth Century. Birmingham: Birmingham Slavonic Monographs, 2007.
43. Ruthchild R. G. Equality and Revolution. University of Pittsburgh Press, 2014.
44. Sohn-Kronthaler M. Feminisierung oder (Re)Masculinisierung der Religion im XX. Jahrhundert. Forschungsbeiträge aus Christentum, Judentum und Islam. Böhlau Verlag Wien, 2016.

Система Orphus

Loading...
Up