Some basic problems, concerning historical and philosophical analysis of domestic philosophy’s development of the second half of the XXth century have been clearly observed in this paper. Substantiated, that fundamental 21-volums’edition “Philosophy in Russia in the Second Half of the XXth Century” (Moscow, 2009-2011) and widened and supplemented English edition of its final volume “Philosophical Thought in Russia in the Second Half of the XXth Century. A Contemporary View from Russia and Abroad” (Bloomsbury Academic, 2019), greatly contributed to its study. It has been made perfectly clear, that in the domestic philosophy of the second half of the XXth century’s development we could single out a few distinct periods, correlated with the definite historical stages of Soviet society’s evolution. Within the framework of them some basic philosophical problems of epistemology and philosophy of science, history of philosophy (including Marxist), system’s and activity’s approaches, the problems of dialogue, communication, philosophical anthropology and philosophy of culture correlated with Marxist official ideology in different ways. It has been clearly demonstrated, that many 60-80-years’ Soviet philosophy achievements could be withdrawn from their initial philosophical and cultural contexts and acquired fresh interpretation in the light of contemporary philosophical investigations. It has been proved, that in epistemology and philosophy of science as well as in activity approaches’ implementation, etc. our domestic philosophical elaborations, in spite of severe ideological restrictions, not only had been compatible, but also exceeded analogous high level world’s standard philosophical investigations.