The War in Syria as the Cause of the Crisis of the Armenian Community (2010s)

 
PIIS086919080031609-6-1
DOI10.31696/S086919080031609-6
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Occupation: Leading Research Fellow, Department of Diasporas and Armenian Communities
Affiliation: Institute of History of the National Academy of Sciences f the Republic of Armenia
Address: Yerevan, Armenia
Journal nameVostok. Afro-Aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost
EditionIssue 4
Pages125-134
Abstract

The devastating wars and civil clashes that broke out one after another in the Middle East, carried out according to the same revolution scenario, have had irreversible consequences for a great number of Armenians, who settled there (in Iraq, Egypt, Syria, etc.) as a result of the First World War. As a result of the war, which broke out in Syria in March 2011 and still continues in some parts of the country, Armenian-populated districts, villages and cities, including Aleppo, Damascus, Kessab, were completely or partially destroyed and set on fire. During the Syrian war, Armenians, along with the entire population of the country, particularly other Christians, were subjected to severe hardships, physical and moral deprivations (kidnapping, interrogation, humiliation, cursing, beatings, torture, as well as hard labor, theft of personal belongings, demand for ransom and so on). In individual cases, they even accepted Islam in order to survive. As a result of the emigration that started due to the war, as well as the quantity of victims, the Armenian community has significantly reduced in number: about 10,000 of 80,000 Armenians remained. From the very beginning of the conflict, the local Armenian community was targeted by the international terrorist forces, thus, the crisis in Syria was also the crisis of the Armenian community. Information about human losses, material and moral damages of Syrian-Armenians was obtained from the periodical press, as well as from reports by the ambassador of the Republic of Armenia to Syria.

 

Keywordswar in Syria, terrorists, kidnapping, Armenian Church, school, physical and moral hardships, crisis of the Armenian community
Received24.08.2024
Publication date25.08.2024
Number of characters25275
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1 Из-за террористических актов в США 11 сентября 2001 года коллективный Запад (Европейский союз, Соединённые Штаты и т.д.), под прикрытием ложной защиты демократии, региональной безопасности и т. д., задействовал процесс развязывания гражданских войн и иностранных вторжений на Ближнем и Среднем Востоке, равно как и насильственного свержения законной власти на местах, в то же время держа под контролем оппозиционные группы данных стран.
2 Вспыхнувшие друг за другом на Ближнем Востоке опустошительные войны, гражданские столкновения, осуществляемые по одному и тому же сценарию революции имели и продолжают иметь необратимые последствия для обосновавшегося здесь (Ирак, Египет, Сирия и т.д.) в результате Первой мировой войны огромного числа армянского населения.
3 До войны в Сирии существовала довольно-таки организованная армянская община, насчитывавшая 80.000 чел., из коих 60.000 чел. проживало в Алеппо [Пашаян, 2011, с. 23]. Своим трудолюбием и преданностью сирийские армяне снискали уважение и симпатию как местного населения, так и властей.
4 В ходе горячих военных операций, начатых в Сирии после имевших там место общественных волнений, с 15 марта 2011 г., армяне как преданные граждане предоставившей им пристанище Сирии, наравне с местным населением и иноэтническими, в частности, христианскими группами, понесли как человеческие, так и материальные потери и подверглись физическим и моральным лишениям [DeCaro, 2014]. Исламские боевики1 убивали, похищали, подвергали пыткам также армянское население Сирии. 1. Аль-Каида (al-Qaeda), Джабхат аль-Нусра (Jabhat al-Nusra), АйСИС (ISIS – Islamic State of Iraq and Syria/al-Sham), АйСИЛ (ISIL – Islamic State of Iraq and Levant) и иные террористические группировки запрещены в РФ.
5 Мишенью исламистов были, в частности, духовные, образовательные и культурные центры сирийских армян. Были разрушены, разграблены, осквернены и преданы огню построенные «на протяжении десятков лет их собственными руками и ценой неимоверных лишений» [Конференции, 2017, с. 1-2] почти все общинные сооружения – церкви, кладбища, школы, общинные и культурные очаги и клубы, принадлежащие армянам постройки. Подверглось уничтожению и личное имущество армян – жилые дома, поля, рабочие объекты и т.д.
6 В результате поредели либо вовсе обезлюдели некогда густонаселённые армянами города, а в отдельных регионах, дабы выжить и защитить себя, армяне вынуждены были принять ислам.
7 Информация о человеческих потерях и материальном и моральном ущербе сирийских армян нами была почерпнута из материалов периодической печати, равно как и из сообщений посла РА в Сирии.
8

Человеческие потери, понесённые армянами

9 Согласно официальным данным, со дня начала войны в марте 2011 г. и по июнь 2014 г. в Сирии погибло 80 армян, до сентября того же года было похищено 100 армян, а число без вести пропавших достигло 106 чел., большую часть которых составляли призванные в сирийскую армию армянские солдаты [Мкртчян, 2014. Three Armenians…, 2013. The Survival…, 2014. Armenian Soldier…, 2014. Armenian Soldier Killed…, 2015].
10 Значительно меньше человеческих жертв было в Кесабе, так как большинство армян Кесаба заблаговременно покинуло свои дома [Syrian Civil War…, 2014].

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