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Staraya Perechnitsa (‘Old Shrewʼ) in Scientific and Folk Etymology
 
PIIS013161170005360-5-1
DOI10.31857/S013161170005360-5
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Maria Belova 
Affiliation:
Vinogradov Russian Language Institute (Russian Academy of Sciences)
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameRusskaya Rech’
EditionIssue 4
Pages43-54
Abstract

This article deals with the well-known Russian expression staraya perechnica (‘old shrewʼ) in scientific and false etymology. There are some arguments for an original stress in the word perechnica on the second syllable and the stress movement to the first syllable under influence of folk (false) etymology due to a semantic link between the words perec (‘pepperʼ) and perechnica (‘old shrewʼ). The word perechnica in the dictionary of V. Dahl, is referred to the verb perechitʼ (‘to argue back’) and roots to the Proto-Slavic root * -perk-> russian -perek-. In many Slavic languages there are derivatives of nouns with this root, going back to the Proto-Slavic form *perčьnica, as well as to the masculine version *perčьnica with a generalized seme meaning of ‘some obstacleʼ. In some Slavic languages (Bulgarian, Slovak, Polish and others.) the same words with figurative meaning. The semantics development of these words was as follows: ‘some obstacleʼ > ‘a person, that is considered to be an obstacleʼ > ‘an naughty, unmanageable man’. There are some proofs of false (folk) etymology of the expression ‘staraya perechnica’, that are analyzed in the article, found on the web forums, that could be considered as the evidence of a link between the words staraya perechnica ‘old shrewʼ and perec ‘pepperʼ, and perechen' ‘listʼ in the public consciousness. Comparison with the words perechnik, -nica from the V. Dahl's dictionary and the corresponding words in other Slavic languages also leads to the conclusion that the semantics of the word perechnica was modified, and in the modern phraseological combination ‘staraya (chertova) perechnica’ does not transmit behavioral (‘disobedienceʼ), but essential (‘maliceʼ) assessment.

KeywordsRussian phraseology, scientific etymology, false etymology, stress, semantics
AcknowledgmentThis research is supported by a grant from Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 19-012-00059 «The vocabulary of Slavic languages as a heritage and development of the Proto-Slavic lexical fund: derivational, semantic and etymological aspects of analysis in a lexicographical representation».
Received24.09.2019
Publication date24.09.2019
Number of characters16776
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