All
 
|
 
 


Leisure activity of children and adolescents as indicator of their well-being
 
PIIS020595920016034-3-1
DOI10.31857/S020595920016034-3
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Irina Leto 
Occupation: Junior research assistant
Affiliation: FSBSI “Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine”
Address: Novosibirsk, Timakova street, 4
S. Loginova
Occupation: Senior Researcher
Affiliation: FSBSI “Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine”
Address: Novosibirsk-117, a / I 237 Timakova st. 4
Journal namePsikhologicheskii zhurnal
EditionVolume 42 issue 4
Pages74-85
Abstract

A leisure activity of children and adolescents is one of the factors of their well-being and health. The impact of leisure is based on experiencing positive emotions and establishing relationships with other people, as well as on moderating stress and its effects. Nowadays online learning for children is expanding, variety of classes and sections is becoming more accessible and diversified, the outdoor time decreased while screen time increased. Understanding of how children spend their time and how it relates to their health and well-being is an actual problem of the current scientific knowledge, the research on this problem makes it possible to assess child quality of life, to predict successful development of children during their growing up and to develop recommendations for parents and teachers. The aim of the study is to review the results and findings of the studies on the structure and factors of the leisure activity of children and adolescents as indicator of their well-being. It has been shown that leisure activity of children and adolescents is an important factor of successful development. Children's and adolescents' use of time differs depending on the socio-demographic characteristics of family and child gender. Leisure activities are associated with such indicators of successful development as emotional and behavioral problems, academic achievement, somatic health, cognitive function, life satisfaction and self-esteem. However, the nature of the identified patterns, the causal relationships and the role of children individual characteristics in the relationship between leisure activities and child outcomes remains unclear.

Keywordstime spending, children, adolescents, family, child well-being, child health, leisure activities
AcknowledgmentThis work was partially supported by grants from the Russian Science Foundation No. 16-18-00003 (preparation of the article) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research No. 19-013-00034 (data analysis)
Received02.08.2021
Publication date14.08.2021
Number of characters30271
Cite   Download pdf To download PDF you should sign in
100 rub.
When subscribing to an article or issue, the user can download PDF, evaluate the publication or contact the author. Need to register.
1 В последние годы исследователи все больше признают важность изучения множества социальных сред, в которых растут и проводят время дети и подростки, отмечая их влияние на благополучное развитие [12, 20, 26]. На сегодняшний день в мировой литературе достаточно хорошо изучены такие факторы благополучия детей как индивидуальные особенности ребенка, характеристики ближайшего семейного окружения, в особенности отношения с родителями, характеристики домашней среды, опыт жизни в детском саду и школе [3, 7, 37, 42], однако в последнее время все больше осознается важность изучения еще одного контекста жизни детей и подростков – их занятий в свободное время [20]. Российские исследования малочисленны, носят фрагментарный характер и не раскрывают в полной мере структуры занятий детей и их связи с благополучным развитием; в целом, имеющейся русскоязычной литературы недостаточно для всестороннего изучения проблемы времяпрепровождения детей и подростков. Имеются социологические исследования о структуре досуга [1, 2], в том числе внутрисемейного [4, 9], есть данные о взаимосвязи внутрисемейных занятий с удовлетворенностью жизнью детей [6], но не изучены связи с показателями психического здоровья и благополучия.
2 Под досугом подразумевают добровольную деятельность, как активную, так и пассивную, которой занимаются в свободное от работы или обучения время для развлечения, восстановления физических и психических сил, развития, творчества и самосовершенствования [5, 9, 24]. В данной работе понятия “досуг” и “времяпрепровождение” будут использоваться как синонимичные. Досуг предполагает свободно выбранные занятия, исходя из индивидуальных интересов [24], однако детские занятия часто выбирают родители, что является значимой отличительной особенностью времяпрепровождения детей в отличие от взрослых [26]. Досуг, включая его социальные аспекты, такие как дружба, играет важную роль с точки зрения чувства собственного достоинства детей [23], вносит прямой вклад в психологическое благополучие и здоровье, основанный на переживании положительных эмоций и установлении отношений с другими людьми, а также смягчает стресс и его последствия [22].
3 Исследователи из европейских и североамериканских стран активно изучают времяпрепровождение детей и предлагают различные классификации занятий в свободное время [24, 25, 26], исследуют взаимосвязи времяпрепровождения с такими важными результирующими показателями как психическое здоровье [17, 19, 20, 25, 32, 40, 43], адаптивные способности [25], соматическое здоровье [39], когнитивные способности [18], академическая успеваемость [25, 32], субъективное благополучие [6, 26]. Открытым остается вопрос, имеется ли прямая связь между временем организованной досуговой активности и благополучием ребенка или наилучшим вариантом является средний уровень занятости ребенка [23]; данный вопрос приобретает особую остроту в связи с тем, что вид и насыщенность досуговых занятий детей во многом определяется их родителями, что влечет за собой некоторые отличительные особенности. Исследователи также изучают факторы, влияющие на различия в занятиях детей: пол ребенка, уровень образования и профессиональный статус родителей, тип семьи, социально-экономический статус семьи и уровень дохода, полная или частичная занятость матери, культурная принадлежность, тип населенного пункта и развитость социально-культурной инфраструктуры места проживания [9, 13, 21, 25].

Price publication: 0

Number of purchasers: 0, views: 1625

Readers community rating: votes 0 

1. Bochaver A.A., Korzun A.N. Polivanova K.N. Ulichnyj dosug detej i podrostkovPsihologiya. ZHurnal Vysshej shkoly ekonomiki. 2017. V. 14. №. 3. P. 470–490. (In Russian)

2. Vishnyakova A.A. Svobodnoe vremya molodezhi krupnogo goroda i osnovnye formy ego ispol'zovaniya v sovremennyh usloviyah: dis. … kand. soc. nauk. Ulan-Ude, 2014. 160 p. (In Russian)

3. Gudman R., Skott S. Detskaya psihiatriya: prakticheskoe rukovodstvo. Moscow: TriadaX, 2008. 349 p. (In Russian)

4. Kudrenko T.V. Social'no-kul'turnye osobennosti formirovaniya cennostnyh prioritetov semejnogo dosugaVestnik Tambovskogo universiteta. Seriya: Gumanitarnye nauki. 2015. V. 11. №. 151. P. 73–78. (In Russian)

5. Lavrecova S.V. Social'no-kul'turnaya deyatel'nost' kak sredstvo optimizacii semejnogo dosuga: dis. … kand. ped. nauk. Sankt-Peterburg, 2007. 230 p. (In Russian)

6. Leto I.V., Varshal A.V., Petrenko E.N., Slobodskaya E.R. Sub"ektivnoe blagopoluchie detej mladshego shkol'nogo vozrasta: znachenie semejnyh faktorovPsikhologicheskii zhurnal. 2019. V. 40. №. 6. P. 18–30. (In Russian)

7. Loginova S.V. Vzaimodejstvie individual'no-psihologicheskih i semejnyh faktorov psihologicheskogo blagopoluchiya detej doshkol'nogo vozrasta: dis. … kand. psihol. nauk. Novosibirsk, 2018. 153 p. (In Russian)

8. Mamchenko T.V. Semejnyj dosug kak sredstvo ukrepleniya vnutrisemejnyh otnoshenijVestnik Taganrogskogo instituta imeni AP CHekhova. 2016. №. 1. P. 246–250. (In Russian)

9. Fedotova N.D. Sovremennoe sostoyanie problem detstva v respublike Saha (YAkutiya): k voprosu o dosuge detejObshchestvo: sociologiya, psihologiya, pedagogika. 2017. №. 11. (In Russian)

10. Auhuber L., Vogel M., Grafe N., Kiess W., Poulain T. Leisure activities of healthy children and adolescents International journal of environmental research and public health. 2019. Vol. 16. No. 12. P. 2078.

11. Bianchi S.M., Robinson J. What did you do today? Children's use of time, family composition, and the acquisition of social capital Journ. of Marriage and the Family. 1997. Vol. 59. No. 2. P. 332–344.

12. Bronfenbrenner U., Morris P. The ecology of developmental processes. In: Damon W., Lerner R (eds) Handbook of Child Psychology: Theoretical Models of Human Development. V. 1, 5th ed. New York: John Wiley, 1998, pp. 993–1028.

13. Bruckauf Z., Rees G. Children’s participation in housework: Is there a case of gender stereotyping. Evidence from the International Survey of Children's' Well-Being (ISCWeB). Florence, Italy: UNICEF Office of Research Innocenti Research Brief, 2017. 3 р.

14. Busetta G., Campolo M.G., Di Pino A. Children’s use of time and well-being in ItalyChild Indicators Research.  2019. Vo. 12. No. 3. P. 821–845.

15. Bushman B.J., Anderson C.A. Media violence and the American public: Scientific facts versus media misinformation American Psychologist. 2001. Vo. 56. No. 6-7. P. 477–489.

16. Caldwel L.L. Leisure and health: Why is leisure therapeutic? British Journ. of Guidance and Counselling. 2005. Vo. 33. No. 1. P 7–26.

17. Coyl-Shepherd D.D., Hanlon C. Family play and leisure activities: correlates of parents' and children's socio-emotional well-being International Journ. of Play. 2013. Vo. 2. No 3. P. 254–272.

18. Dworak M., Schierl T., Bruns T., Strüder H.K. Impact of singular excessive computer game and television exposure on sleep patterns and memory performance of school-aged children Pediatrics. 2007. Vo. 120. No. 5. P. 978–985.

19. Eccles J.S., Barber B.L. Student council, volunteering, basketball, or marching band: What kind of extracurricular involvement matters? Journal of adolescent research. 1999. Vo. 14. No. 1. P. 10–43.

20. Fletcher A.C., Nickerson P., Wright K.L. Structured leisure activities in middle childhood: Links to well‐being Journ. of community psychology. 2003. Vo. 31. No. 6. P. 641–659.

21. Gracia P., Garcia‐Roman J., Oinas T., Anttila T. Child and Adolescent Time Use: A Cross‐National Study Journ. of Marriage and Family.2020. Vo. 82. No 4. P. 1304–1325.

22. Han J.S., Patterson I. An analysis of the influence that leisure experiences have on a person's mood state, health and wellbeing Annals of Leisure Research. 2007. Vo. 10. No. 3-4. P. 328–351.

23. Hertting K., Kostenius C. Organized leisure activities and well-being: children getting it just right! Larnet: Cyber Journ. of Applied Leisure and Recreational Research. 2012. Vo. 15. No. 2. P. 13–28.

24. Hills P., Argyle M. Positive moods derived from leisure and their relationship to happiness and personality Personality and individual differences. 1998. Vo. 25. No. 3. P. 523–535.

25. Hofferth S.L., Sandberg J.F. How American children spend their time Journ. of Marriage and Family. 2001. Vo. 63. No. 2. P. 295–308.

26. Holder M. D., Coleman B., Sehn Z.L. The contribution of active and passive leisure to children's well-being Journ. of health psychology. 2009. Vo. 14. No. 3. P. 378–386.

27. Kardefelt-Winther D. How Does the Time Children Spend Using Digital Technology Impact Their Mental Well-being, Social Relationships and Physical Activity?: An Evidence-Focused Literature Review. Florence, Italy : UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti, 2017, 35 p.

28. Kayany J.M., Yelsma P. Displacement effects of online media in the socio-technical contexts of households Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media. 2000. Vo. 44. No. 2. P. 215–229.

29. Larson R.W. How US children and adolescents spend time: What it does (and doesn't) tell us about their development Current directions in psychological science. 2001. Vo. 10. No. 5.P. 160–164.

30. Larson R.W. Toward a psychology of positive youth development //American psychologist. 2000. Vo. 55. No. 1. P. 170–183.

31. Mauldin T., Meeks C.B. Sex differences in children's time use Sex roles. 1990. Vo. 22. No. 9-10. P. 537–554.

32. McHale S., Crouter A.C. The social contexts of activities in preadolescence: Links with psychosocial adjustment. Paper presented at the Society for Research on Adolescence, Chicago, IL. 2000.

33. Melman S., Little S.G., Akin-Little K.A. Adolescent overscheduling: The relationship between levels of participation in scheduled activities and self-reported clinical symptomology The High School Journal. 2007. Vo. 90. No. 3. P. 18–30.

34. Mullan K. A child's day: trends in time use in the UK from 1975 to 2015The British journ. of sociology. 2019. Vo. 70. No. 3. P. 997–1024.

35. Parfitt G., Eston R.G. The relationship between children's habitual activity level and psychological well‐being ActaPaediatrica. 2005. Vo. 94. No. 12. P. 1791–1797.

36. Persson A., Kerr M., Stattin H. Why a leisure context is linked to normbreaking for some girls and not others: personality characteristics and parent–child relations as explanations Journal of adolescence. 2004. Vo. 27. No. 5. P. 583–598.

37. Pettit G.S., Bates J.E., Dodge K.A. Supportive parenting, ecological context, and children's adjustment: A seven‐year longitudianl study Child development. 1997. Vo. 68. No. 5. P. 908–923.

38. Rees G. Children's activities and time use: Variations between and within 16 countries Children and Youth Services Review. 2017. Vo. 80. P. 78–87.

39. Sacker A., Cable N. Do adolescent leisure-time physical activities foster health and well-being in adulthood? Evidence from two British birth cohorts The European Journ. of Public Health. 2005. Vo. 16. No. 3. P. 331–335.

40. Selfhout M.H.W., Branje S.J.T., Delsing 1. M., terBogt T.F.M., Meeus W.H.J. Different types of Internet use, depression, and social anxiety: The role of perceived friendship quality Journ. of Adolescence. 2009. Vo. 32. P. 819–833. 

41. Shaw B., Fagan-Watson B., Frauendienst B., Redecker A., Jones T., Hillman M.Children's independent mobility: a comparative study in England and Germany (1971−2010). London: Policy Studies Institute, 2013. 248 p.

42. Slobodskaya H.R., Akhmetova O.A. Personality development and problem behavior in Russian children and adolescents International Journal of Behavioral Development. 2010. Vo. 34. No. 5. P. 441–451.

43. Twenge J.M., Campbell W.K. Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study Preventive medicine reports. 2018. Vo. 12. P. 271–283.

44. Ussher M.H., Owen C.G., Cook D.G., Whincup P.H. The relationship between physical activity, sedentary behaviour and psychological wellbeing among adolescents Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology.2007. Vo. 42. No.10. P. 851–856.

45. Van den Bulck J. Television viewing, computer game playing, and Internet use and self-reported time to bed and time out of bed in secondary-school children Sleep. 2004. Vo. 27. No. 1. P. 101–104.

Система Orphus

Loading...
Up