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Differences in brain support for solving analytical and holistic problems
 
PIIS020595920014240-0-1
DOI10.31857/S020595920014240-0
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Vladimir Аpanovich 
Occupation: Junior researcher at Shvyrkov’s laboratory of Psychophysiology, IP RAS, research fellow at laboratory of neurocognitive studies of individual experience, MGPPU, junior researcher at international laboratory of social neuroscience, HSE, senior lecturer, GA
Affiliation: State Academic University for the Humanities, Institute of Psychology RAS, Moscow State Psychological-and Pedagogical University, HSE University
Address: Moscow, Maronovskiy per., 26, Russia
E. Аramyan
Occupation: Master student
Affiliation: State Academic University for the Humanities
Address: Maronovskiy per., 26, Russia
M. Dol'nikova
Occupation: Master student
Affiliation: State Academic University for the Humanities
Address: Maronovskiy per., 26, Russia
Yuri Аleksandrov
Occupation: Head of Shvyrkov’s laboratory of Psychophysiology, IP RAS, head of laboratory of neurocognitive studies of individual experience, MGPPU, chief science officer at international laboratory of social neuroscience, HSE, head of psychophysiology chair, GAUGN
Affiliation: State Academic University for the Humanities, Institute of Psychology RAS, Moscow State Psychological-and Pedagogical University, HSE University
Address: Maronovskiy per., 26
Journal namePsikhologicheskii zhurnal
EditionVolume 42 issue 2
Pages45-60
Abstract

Topical issue was to study the system organization of experience which ensures the solution of analytical and holistic tasks. It was assumed that the set of functional systems that are updated to solve various problems differs which is manifested in brain activity and these differences are mediated by whether an analytical or holistic individual solves a task of “his" type or not. A study of brain support for the process of analytical and holistic task’ solving by representatives of the analytical and holistic subpopulations of Russian culture was conducted (N = 52). It was shown that holistic problems are solved faster and more correctly than analytical ones which is consistent with the idea of the holistic nature of Russian culture. At the same time, as learning progressed, there was an improvement in performance in tasks of the "non-own" type, i.e., holistic tasks in analytical individuals, and vice versa, in comparison with tasks specific to the mentality of individuals. The differences between the components of event-related potentials that arise when solving problems of different types by analytical and holistic individuals are obtained including the P300 sub-peaks when solving an analytical problem by analytical individuals. The obtained differences in event-related potentials are compared with the criteria of analytical and holistic problems that we identified earlier. The directions of further research of the learning process in individuals with different mentalities are discussed.

Keywordsanalyticity, holism, EEG, BSC, problem solving
AcknowledgmentThe primary analysis of behavioral characteristics was carried out under the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (No. 0159-2020-0001), analysis of differences in brain providing decision-making process was carried out with the financial support of the research project “Social aspects of individual experience formation in the ontogenetic development”, MGPPU
Received21.03.2021
Publication date04.04.2021
Number of characters35336
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