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The New Agricultural Strategy of the XIX Congress of the CPC: Goals and Challenges
 
PIIS013128120001139-3-1
DOI10.31857/S013128120001139-3
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Lyudmila Boni 
Occupation: Chief Researcher of the RAS Institute for Far Eastern Studies
Affiliation: The Institute for Far Eastern Studies, RAS
Address: Russian Federation
Journal nameProblemy Dalnego Vostoka
EditionIssue 5
Pages57-69
Abstract

The new agricultural strategy of China, put forward by the XIX Congress of the CPC: its goals, objectives and causes, role and importance; the specifics of the main social contradictions, new challenges and new chances for the development of the Chinese village are considered. 

Keywordsagrarian strategy, modernization, «production revival», qualitative agriculture, «green agriculture», farmer’s income, rural migrants, urbanization, urban-rural relations
Received26.10.2018
Publication date06.11.2018
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1. Polnyj tekst doklada Si Tszin'pina XIX s'ezdu KPK. URL: http://china/caixin.com/2017–10–18/101158185.html/source  EntityId=101158466 (na kit.yaz.)
2. Dokument TsK KPK i Gossoveta KNR № 1 (2018 g.). URL: http://www.gov.cn/zhence/2018–02/04/content_5263807.htm. 
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4. Tam zhe.
5. Tam zhe.
6. Dokument TsK KPK i Gossoveta KNR № 1 (2018 g.)
7. Tri sostavnye chasti, ili klyuchevye zvena agrarnoj problemy Kitaya (sel'skoe khozyajstvo — derevnya — krest'yane).
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34. Segodnya v strukture prirosta gorodskogo naseleniya: 16% sostavlyaet estestvennyj prirost, 5% — byvshie migranty, poluchivshie gorodskuyu propisku, 26% — prirost chisla migrantovrabochikh, a ostal'nye 53% — ehto t.n. mestnye migranty (behn'di). Dannye ehtoj chasti struktury gorodskogo naseleniya, t.e. «peremestivshegosya naseleniya nedaleko ot doma», predstavlyayut soboj v osnovnom rezul'taty izmenenij administrativnogo rajonirovaniya, kak, naprimer, perevod uezda v gorod, perevod volosti — v poselok, derevni — v poselok i drugikh sposobov fiksatsii prirosta gorodskogo naseleniya. T.e. ehto — chisto statisticheskie izmeneniya, khotya mnogie litsa iz ehtoj kategorii dazhe poluchili gorodskuyu propisku. Ehto, po suti, ne zatronulo ni kharakter zanyatosti, ni mesta prozhivaniya i ne yavilos' itogom novoj peregruppirovki rabochej sily (Tsaj Fan. Kak podderzhat' bolee dlitel'nyj put' urbanizatsii novogo tipa // Syuehsi shibao. 27.04.2018. URL: http://theory.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0427/c40531–29953600.html). 
35. Ehti tak nazyvaemye sel'skie migranty — vnov' sformirovavshayasya rabochaya sila iz chisla uchaschikhsya i vypusknikov nachal'no-srednikh, vysshikh i srednikh uchebnykh zavedenij (v tom chisle brosivshikh uchebu), v osnovnom sootvetstvuyuschikh vozrastnoj gruppe sel'skogo naseleniya ot 16 do 19 let. Dolgoe vremya chislennost' ehtoj osoboj vozrastnoj gruppy bystro rosla, vplot' do 2014 g., posle chego nachalos' bystroe sokraschenie ee prirosta, poka on ne ischerpalsya. I kak raz s 2014 g. nachal takzhe sokraschat'sya prirost rabochej sily, prikhodivshij iz derevni v gorod (t.e. vdali ot doma). Sm.: Syuehsi shibao. 27.04.2018. URL: http://theory.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0427/c40531–29953600.html. 
36. Tam zhe.
37. Pod ponyatiem «urbanizatsiya novogo tipa» kitajskie uchenye imeyut v vidu migratsiyu sel'skogo naseleniya v gorod, kogda poluchenie zanyatosti soprovozhdaetsya polucheniem gorodskoj propiski i paketa osnovnykh sotsial'nykh uslug.
38. URL: http://www.agri.cn/V20SC/jjps/201801/t20180124_6040519.htm. 
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40. Zhehn'min' zhibao. 13.04.2018. URL: http://theory.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0413/c40531–29923855.html. 
41. Syuehsi shibao. 27.04.2018. URL: http://theory.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0427/c40531–  29953600.html.
42. Tam zhe.
43. Tam zhe.
44. Tam zhe.
45. URL: http://rdi.cass.cn/xsdt/201704/t20170419_341221.shtml. 
46. Polnyj tekst doklada Si Tszin'pina XIX s'ezdu KPK.
47. Tam zhe.
48. Dokument TsK KPK i Gossoveta KNR № 1 (2018 g.)
49. Van Yakhua. Kak osuschestvlyat' strategiyu pod'ema derevni v « tri shaga» // Zhehn'min' zhibao. 13.04.2018. URL.http://theory.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0413/c40531–29923855.html.  
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51. Zhehnmin' zhibao. 23.09.2018. URL: http://politics.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0923/c1024-30309375/html.

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