Sustainable Finance: a New Theoretical Paradigm

 
PIIS013122270016954-0-1
DOI10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-9-5-13
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Affiliation: Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Address: Moscow, Russian Federation
Journal nameMirovaia ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniia
EditionVolume 65 Issue 9
Pages5-13
Abstract

The article provides a brief overview of the concepts that substantiate the feasibility of moving from the classical paradigm of finance to a new paradigm of sustainable finance. In the modern world, there is a sharp increase in the number of works on the problems of sustainable finance. At the same time, the number of theoretical works in this area is insignificant, and they are underrepresented in leading scientific journals. The concept of sustainable finance has several key elements, including a new interpretation of the value of corporations and securities (which takes into account environmental and social externalities), long-term value creation as the main corporate goal, the adaptive markets hypothesis. All these elements are based on the initial thesis about the need to combine financial and non-financial (social and environmental) goals in the development of corporations, which is followed by an increasing number of investors. Accordingly, supporters of the concept propose a revolutionary transition to a new paradigm, trying to refute such fundamental concepts of the traditional paradigm of finance as the efficient markets hypothesis and the capital asset pricing model. A natural continuation of attempts to refute these concepts are practical recommendations of sustainable finance for financial organizations, suggesting a change in the approach to diversification, preference for passive investment, a reduction in the investment chain, etc. A certain justification for such claims is given by a sharp increase in the share of responsible investors (investors who share the ESG principles) in the total volume of investments under professional management. In addition, special attention to sustainable finance is predetermined by the growing importance of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, one of the instruments for the implementation of which is sustainable finance.

Keywordssustainable finance, sustainable development, ESG principles, responsible investment, impact investment, long-term value (LTV), stakeholder model, adaptive markets, green and social bonds
AcknowledgmentThe paper was written with the support of budget financing for fundamental research at RANEPA
Publication date27.09.2021
Number of characters28700
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1 В последние годы в мире вырос интерес к проблемам устойчивого развития, особенно после формулирования Целей устойчивого развития ООН [1, p. 12]. Они подразумевают принятие экономических решений с учетом существенно более широкого, чем ранее, комплекса факторов, включая в том числе экологические и социальные. Выделяются два направления анализа: “финансирование устойчивого развития” (financing for sustainable development), описывающее поиски ресурсов для финансирования программ по достижению ЦУР (с упором в основном на бюджетные ресурсы), а также модернизации государственных политик для расширения каналов финансирования устойчивого развития; “устойчивые финансы” (sustainable finance), описывающее в основном частные ответственные инвестиции, формирование их признаков и принципов, а также внедрение данных принципов в нормативное регулирование и практику функционирования финансовых рынков.
2 В рамках первого направления русскоязычная литература достаточно подробно транслирует мировой дискурс в данном направлении. В качестве наиболее значимых работ можно указать работы Л. Худяковой [2, 3] и Б. Порфирьева [4]. Концепция устойчивых финансов тесно связана с ЦУР, а ее сторонники позиционируют ее как один из важнейших инструментов достижения ЦУР [5]. Вместе с тем наблюдается и некоторая автономия в развитии данной концепции, которая проявляется в выходе за рамки проблематики ЦУР.
3 Концепция устойчивых финансов сформулировала претензии на корректировку фундаментальных вопросов научной парадигмы финансов, при этом формулировки таких тезисов намного глубже, чем требуется для содействия в достижении ЦУР [6]. На наш взгляд, это предопределило взрыв теоретических исследований в рамках концепции устойчивых финансов. Ее определенная автономия также связана с тем, что практическое развитие устойчивых финансов идет намного быстрее реализации ЦУР. Основная причина – резкий рост спроса со стороны частных инвесторов на инструменты устойчивых финансов, приведший к существенному увеличению соответствующих инвестиционных портфелей [7].
4 Русскоязычная литература по устойчивым финансам быстро растет. В основной она имеет справочный характер, предлагая информацию о разрабатываемых нормах раскрытия нефинансовой корпоративной информации, об отдельных инструментах устойчивых финансов, прежде всего “зеленых” облигаций и т. п. Научные аспекты концепции устойчивых финансов затрагиваются в работах С. Чебанова [8], Б. Рубцова и соавторов [9], В. Миловидова [10] и Н. Львовой [11].
5 Современные теоретические изыскания в области устойчивых финансов занимают видное место в мировом научном дискурсе, претендуя на поистине революционное переосмысление основ ряда теоретических парадигм. Настоящая статья является попыткой восполнить дефицит знаний об этих дискуссиях для русскоязычного читателя.

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