Digital transformation of the Latin American economy

The article is devoted to the analysis of the results of digital transformation in the countries of Latin-Caribbean America (LCA) over the past 15 years. Particular attention is paid to the formation of digital ecosystem and identification of problems faced by the countries of the region in the digitalization of production processes. Despite some successes achieved in recent years and a sharp increase in demand for digital platforms and online services during the COVID-19 pandemic, progress towards the digital economy of the LCA countries is delayed, and the scale and effectiveness of using its advantages in the production sector are due to structural and socio-economic factors. There are cross-country differences in terms of access to digital technologies, which increase the differ-entiation within the LCA. Limited opportunities for financing small and medium-sized businesses, a low level of computer literacy, and the presence of an extensive informal sector remain a serious obstacle.

Keywords

digital economy, concept of digital ecosystem, digital competitiveness, digital platforms

Received

20.01.2022

Publication date

05.05.2022

Number of characters

46212

Cite

GOST	Simonova L. Digital transformation of the Latin American economy // Latin America – 2022. – Issue 5 C. 8-27 [Electronic resource]. URL: https://latamerica-journal.ru/S0044748X0019913-3-1 (circulation date: 30.04.2024). DOI: 10.31857/S0044748X0019913-3
MLA	Simonova, Ludmila N "Digital transformation of the Latin American economy." Latin America 5 (2022):8-27. DOI: 10.31857/S0044748X0019913-3
APA	Simonova L. (2022). Digital transformation of the Latin American economy. Latin America (5), pp.8-27 DOI: 10.31857/S0044748X0019913-3

100 rub.

When subscribing to an article or issue, the user can download PDF, evaluate the publication or contact the author. Need to register.

Number of purchasers: 0, views: 459

Readers community rating: votes 0

1. UNCTAD. World Investment Report 2017: Investment and the Digital Economy. Geneva, 2017. 252 p. Available at: https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2017_en.pdf (accessed 20.12.2021).

2. Raúl Katz. El ecosistema y la economía digital en América Latina. Fundación Telefónica, Editorial Ariel, CEPAL. Madrid, 2015. 425 p. Available at: https://www.cepal.org/es/publicaciones/38916-ecosistema-la-economia-digital-america-latina (accessed 25.02.2021).

3. Katz, R., Callorda, F. Accelerating the development of Latin American digital ecosystem and implications for broadband policy. Telecommunications Policy, Göteborg, 2017, rr. 661-681. doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2017.11.002

4. CAF. Hacia la transformación digital de América Latina y el Caribe: El Observatorio CAF del Ecosistema Digital. Caracas, 2017. 216 p. Available at: https://scioteca.caf.com/bit-stream/handle/123456789/1059/Observatorio%20CAF%20del%20ecosistema%20digital.pdf?sequence=7&isAllowed=y (accessed 15.03.2021)

5. Revinova S.Yu., Chavarri Gal'ves D.P. Perspektivy razvitiya tsifrovoj ehkonomiki v stranakh Latinskoj Ameriki. Voprosy innovatsionnoj ehkonomiki, M., 2021, № 2, ss. 849-868.

6. Smal' S.V. Gosudarstvennaya politika tsifrovizatsii v stranakh Latinskoj Ameriki. Opyt primeneniya mnogomernykh integral'nykh indeksov na primere Brazilii. Latinskaya Amerika, M., 2021, № 4, ss. 40-55.

7. Ermol'eva Eh.G. Vliyanie informatsionno-kommunikatsionnykh tekhnologij na latinoamerikanskij rynok truda. Tekuschie izmeneniya v formakh zanyatosti. Latinskaya Amerika, M., 2021, № 4, ss. 7-22.

8. Stadnik I.T., Tsvetkova N.L. Mesto i rol' stran Latinskoj Ameriki v sisteme mezhdunarodnoj i regional'noj kiberbezopasnosti. Latinskaya Amerika, M., 2021, № 4, ss.69-84.

9. Koval' A.G. Perspektivy razvitiya tsifrovoj ehkonomiki v Mercosur. Latinskaya Amerika, M., 2020, №3, ss. 18-32.

10. CAF. El estado de la digitalización de América Latina frente a la pandemia del COVID-19. Caracas, 2020, 40 p. Available at: https://scioteca.caf.com/handle/123456789/1540 (accessed 15.03.2021).

11. CEPAL. Datos y hechos sobre la transformación digital: informe sobre los principales indicadores de adopción de tecnologías digitales en el marco de la Agenda Digital para América Latina y el Caribe, Santiago, 2021, 49 p. Available at: https://www.cepal.org/sites/default/files/publication/files/46766/S2000991_es.pdf (accessed 25.08.2021).

12. IMD. World digital competitiveness ranking 2021. Available at: https://www1.imd.org/centers/world-competitiveness-center/rankings/world-digital-competi-tiveness/ (accessed 25.12.2021).

13. ITU World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators Database 2021 (25th edition/December 2021). Available at: https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx (accessed 02.01.2021).

14. CEPAL. Universalizar el acceso a las tecnologías digitales para enfrentar los efectos del COVID-19. Informe Especial COVID-19. Santiago, 2020. 27 p. Available at: https://www.cepal.org/sites/default/files/publication/files/45938/S2000550_es.pdf (accessed 23.03.2021).

15. Perspektiva ustojchivogo razvitiya. Apellyatsiya k obschemirovym i latinoamerikanskim realiyam. Pod obsch. red. V.M Davydova. M., ILA RAN, 2022, 448 s.

16. UNIDO. Industrial Development Report 2020. Industrializing in the digital age. Vienna, 2020. 228 p. Available at: https://www.unido.org/sites/default/files/files/2019-12/UNI-DO%20IDR20%20main%20report.pdf. (accessed 25.03.2021).

17. Sanchez-Riofrio, A.M., Lupton, N.C., Rodríguez-Vásquez, J.G. Does market digitalization always benefit firms? The Latin American case. Management Decision. City of Bradford, 2021, Aug 23. Available at: https://www.scinapse.io/papers/3193390595 (accessed 22.12.2021).

18. Dmitriy V. Razumovskiy, Yuri N. Moseykin. Digitalización en América Latina y oportunidades para empresas rusas. Iberoamérica, 2022, núm. 1, pp. 5-37.

19. ECLAC. Digital technologies for a new future. Santiago, 2021, 95 p. Available at: https://repositorio.cepal.org/bitstream/handle/11362/46817/1/S2000960_en.pdf (accessed 01.01.2022).

20. La transformación digital de Codelco se acelera con el nuevo CIO-E de Casa Matriz. Available at: https://www.codelco.com/transformacion-digital-de-codelco-se-acelera-con-el-nuevo-cio-e-de-casa/prontus_codelco/2020-12-02/004352.html (accessed 25.12.2021).

21. Agroanalitika. Sistema ehffektivnogo upravleniya agropredpriyatiem. Available at: https://smartagro.ru (accessed 20.01.2022).

22. WTO. World Trade Statistical Review 2021. Available at: https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/wts2021_e/wts2021_e.pdf (accessed 05.01.2022).

23. OECD. Going Digital in Brazil, OECD Reviews of Digital Transformation. Paris, 2020. 248 p. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1787/e9bf7f8a-en (accessed 25.12.2021).

24. Plano Nacional de Internet das Coisas. Decreto nº 9.854, de 25 de junho de 2019. Available at: https://www.gov.br/governodigital/pt-br/estrategias-e-politicas-digitais/plano-nacional-de-internet-das-coisas (accessed 28.12.2021).

25. Mapa e MCTIC criam Câmara do Agro 4.0 para levar mais conectividade ao campo. EMBRAPA, Notícias, 16/08/19. Available at: https://www.embrapa.br/busca-de-noticias/-/noticia/45785396/mapa-e-mctic-criam-camara-do-agro-40-para-levar-mais-conectividade-ao-campo (accessed 25.12.2021).

26. Agricultura de Precisão é Mais Rentável e Reduz a Necessidade do Uso de Insumos. Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Brasilia, 2019. Available at: https://www.gov.br/agricultura/pt-br/assuntos/noticias/agricultura-de-precisao-e-mais-rentavel-e-diminui-necessidade-do-uso-insumos

27. WEF. The Network Readiness Index 2020. Accelerating Digital Transformation in a post-COVID Global Economy. Available at: https://networkreadinessindex.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/NRI-2020-V8_28-11-2020.pdf (accessed 15.12.2021).

28. World Bank. Logistics Performance Index (2007-18). Available at: https://lpi.worldbank.org/ (accessed 25.12.2021).

29. World Bank. Doing Business 2018. Available at: https://www.doingbusiness.org/content/dam/doingBusiness/media/Annual-Reports/English/ DB2018-Full- Report.pdf (accessed 20.12.2021).

30. CAF, CEPAL. Las oportunidades de la digitalización en América Latina frente al Covid-19. Santiago, 2020, 36 p. Available at: https://scioteca.caf.com/bitstream/handle/123456789/1541/ Las_oportunidades_de_la_digitalizacion_en_America_Latina_frente_al_Covid-19.pdf?sequence= 5&isAllowed=y (accessed 19.07.2021).

31. Global Ecommerce Update 2021. Available at: https://www.emarketer.com/content/global-ecommerce-update-2021 (accessed 05.01.2022).

32. Trading Economics. Mercado Libre. Available at: https://ru.tradingeco-nomics.com/meli:us:market-capitalization (accessed 05.01.2022).

33. Suominen K. El comercio digital en América Latina: ¿qué desafíos enfrentan las empresas y cómo superarlos? CEPAL, serie Comercio Internacional, N 145. Santiago, 2019, 49 p. Available at: https://repositorio.cepal.org/bitstream/handle/11362/44976/1/S1900842_es.pdf (accessed 25.12.2021).

34. Shkolyar N.A. Tsifrovaya transformatsiya Latinskoj Ameriki. RSMD, 21 marta 2022. Available at: https://russiancouncil.ru/analytics-and-comments/analytics/tsifrovaya-transformatsiya-latinskoy-ameriki/ (accessed 25.03.2022).

35. Vozmozhnosti i predely innovatsionnogo razvitiya Latinskoj Ameriki. Otv. red. Simonova L.N. M., ILA RAN, 2017, 552 s.