Uniqueness of demographic shifts. Brazil’s phenomenon

 
PIIS0044748X0012768-3-1
DOI10.31857/S0044748X0012768-3
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Affiliation: Institute for Latin American Studies, RAS
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Affiliation: Institute for Latin American Studies, RAS
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameLatin America
EditionIssue 1
Pages6-21
Abstract

The article analyzes Brazilian population policy against the fertility decline. An overview of the main trends in the current demographic situation is given, as well as statistical data that shows the impact of social characteristics and geographical contrasts on the birth rate. The evolution of approaches to solving demographic problems is traced, starting from the era of the New state to the beginning of the democratization period. The social measures taken by Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff governments to combat poverty are examined, in particular, targeted subsidy programs and their impact on fertility rates. Possible ways to overcome the demographic decline are examined, taking into account the experience of European countries which are facing a crisis of population reproduction. The social and worldview changes taking place in Brazil allow us to suggest that the country is already entering the phase of the second demographic transition. The article briefly describes the ideological conflicts accompanying the beginning of Jair Bolsonaro’s legislature, as well as their possible impact on the population policy and the development of national health system.

KeywordsBrazil, birth rate, demographic transition, government population policy
Received14.09.2020
Publication date14.01.2021
Number of characters36199
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