Female Pilgrimage to the Middle East during Global Transformation, or How Lost Female Pilgrims in the Holy Land Fell in the Sphere of Soviet Interests

 
PIIS207987840016651-5-1
DOI10.18254/S207987840016651-5
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Affiliation: Institute of World History RAS
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameISTORIYA
Edition
Abstract

The research focuses on establishing and personifying the rather shady and marginal group of “Russian female pilgrims” that decided to stay in the Holy Land in 1910—1920’s and caught the attention of the Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs after the formation of the state of Israel. In our research, we are introducing previously unpublished documents that give us the opportunity to examine this marginal group of elderly, religious women, who unexpectedly became acting figures in the Soviet-Israeli diplomatic relations and the Soviet struggle for Russian property in Palestine. The interest of the Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs in attaining property that previously belonged to institutions and representatives of the Russian Empire in Palestine naturally sparked the USSR’s keen interest in Russian nuns and female pilgrims in the region. The condition under which these women were granted Soviet citizenship was the recognition of Patriarch Alexius I of Moscow, which in itself is an expression of the new role, played by the Russian Orthodox Church under Stalinist leadership in the international (namely — Middle Eastern) arena. In this research paper we will demonstrate the mechanism of discussion and decision-making within the Soviet institutions, which pertained to the granting of a special kind of citizenship, one that officially forbade the entrance to the USSR. Among the documents published is the list of the female pilgrims, who lived in the Holy Land in 1952 and who were willing to receive Soviet citizenship.

Keywordsfemale pilgrimage, the Holy Land, Palestine, the Cold War, Russian Orthodox Church’s international activity, immobility in Israel
Received12.07.2021
Publication date15.09.2021
Number of characters50475
Cite  
100 rub.
When subscribing to an article or issue, the user can download PDF, evaluate the publication or contact the author. Need to register.

Number of purchasers: 0, views: 270

Readers community rating: votes 0

1. Agapov M. G. «Prinyat' ehffektivnoe uchastie v sud'be Palestiny»: politika SSSR v palestinskom voprose v 1944—1947 gg. // Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo gumanitarnogo universiteta imeni M. A. Sholokhova. Istoriya i politologiya. 2012. № 1.

2. Baldin K. E. Palomnicheskie memuary kontsa XIX — nachala XX vv. kak istoricheskij istochnik // Vestnik Ivanovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser. Gumanitarnye nauki. 2014. № 3.

3. Baldin K. E. Severnye palomniki v Svyatoj zemle: iz istorii puteshestvij russkogo dukhovenstva v Palestinu v nachale KhKh v. // Na puti k grazhdanskomu obschestvu. 2016. № 3.

4. Belyakova N. A., Kail' M. V. Sovetskoe prisutstvie na Blizhnem vostoke v usloviyakh razvorachivayuschejsya kholodnoj vojny: tserkovnye instituty i aktory vliyaniya v Palestine // Novaya i novejshaya istoriya. 2021. № 6.

5. Bokatov A. Yu. Ehvolyutsiya obraza pravoslavnogo palomnika v rossijskoj periodike vtoroj poloviny XIX v. // Vestnik slavyanskikh kul'tur. 2020. T. 56.

6. Kail M. Middle East Direction in the Diplomatic Mission of the Moscow Patriarchate in 1943 — the mid-1950s // ISTORIYA. 2021. Vol. 12. Issue 8 (106). URL: https://history.jes.su/s207987840016650-4-1/ DOI: 10.18254/S207987840016650-4

7. Kail' M. V. «Pravoslavnyj faktor» v sovetskoj diplomatii: mezhdunarodnye kommunikatsii Moskovskogo patriarkhata serediny 1940-kh gg. // Gosudarstvo, religiya, tserkov' v Rossii i za rubezhom. 2017. № 1.

8. Kail' M. V. Tserkovnaya diplomatiya i vizit patriarkha Aleksiya (Simanskogo) v Svyatuyu Zemlyu 1945 g. // Vestnik Tverskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya Istoriya. 2020. № 4 (56).

9. Klimova A. A. Vzaimootnosheniya Russkoj Pravoslavnoj Tserkvi s Ierusalimskim patriarkhatom v 1948—1953 gg. v kontekste sovetsko-izrail'skikh otnoshenij // Istoricheskij zhurnal: nauchnye issledovaniya. 2020. № 1.

10. Kopylova O. N. (red.) Rossiya i khristianskij Vostok v dokumentakh Gosudarstvennogo arkhiva Rossijskoj Federatsii. M., 2015.

11. Kopylova O., Dodonov B., Lukina K. Postanovleniya i rasporyazheniya Sovetskogo pravitel'stva, kasayuschiesya svyazej Russkoj pravoslavnoj tserkvi i Sovetskogo gosudarstva s Vostochnymi patriarkhatami (1940-e — 1950-e gg.), i materialy k nim (iz fondov Gosudarstvennogo arkhiva Rossijskoj Federatsii) //Ierusalimskij pravoslavnyj seminar. M., 2019.

12. Krivova N. A. (red.) Pis'ma patriarkha Aleksiya I v Sovet po delam Russkoj pravoslavnoj tserkvi pri Sovete narodnykh komissarov — Sovete ministrov SSSR. 1945—1970 gg. T. 2. M., 2010.

13. Krotova M. V. Russkie ehmigranty v mezhvoennoj Man'chzhurii: manipulyatsii s grazhdanstvom kak strategiya vyzhivaniya // Novyj istoricheskij vestnik. 2012. № 32 (2).

14. Krotova M. V. Russkie ehmigranty v mezhvoennoj Man'chzhurii: manipulyatsii s grazhdanstvom kak strategiya vyzhivaniya // Novyj istoricheskij vestnik. 2012. № 32 (2).

15. Lisovoj N. N. Russkoe dukhovnoe i politicheskoe prisutstvie v Svyatoj Zemle i na Blizhnem Vostoke v XIX — nachale KhKh vv. M., 2006.

16. Mustaev R. R. Vzaimootnosheniya SSSR i Izrailya v nachale 1950-kh godov: o protivorechiyakh sionistskoj i kommunisticheskoj ideologij // Vektor nauki Tol'yattinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2015. № 1.

17. Nikodim (Rotov). Istoriya Russkoj dukhovnoj missii v Ierusalime. SPb., 2019.

18. Nosenko T. V. Politika SSSR i SShA po voprosu sozdaniya gosudarstva Izrail' (1945—1948) // Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Ser. 25: Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya i mirovaya politika. 2016. № 2.

19. Nosenko T. V., Semenchenko N. A. Naprasnaya vrazhda. Ocherki sovetsko-izrail'skikh otnoshenij 1948—1991 gg. M., 2015.

20. Palamarenko E. V. Pis'ma russkikh monakhin' iz Ierusalima v 1945—1967 godakh // Khristianstvo na Blizhnem Vostoke. 2020. № 5.

21. Perkhavko V. B. Russkie kuptsy na Svyatoj zemle // Vestnik tserkovnoj istorii. 2016. № 3-4.

22. Pimen (Khmelevskij), arkhiepiskop Saratovskij i Vol'skij. Dnevniki. Russkaya dukhovnaya missiya v Ierusalime 1955—1957. Saratov, 2008.

23. Pis'ma patriarkha Aleksiya I v Sovet po delam Russkoj pravoslavnoj tserkvi pri Sovete narodnykh komissarov — Sovete ministrov SSSR. 1945—1970 gg. / pod red. N. A. Krivovoj. T. 1. M., 2009.

24. Semenchenko N. A. Russkaya obschina v Palestine posle Pervoj mirovoj vojny // Vostochnyj arkhiv. 2012. № 1 (25).

25. Khitrovo V. N. Sobranie sochinenij i pisem  /  pod red. N. N. Lisovogo i L. V. Mel'nikovoj. M.: Imperatorskoe Pravoslavnoe Palestinskoe Obschestvo; SPb.: Izd-vo Olega Abyshko, 2011—2012. T. 2.

26. Khrissidis N. «Afonizatsiya» blagochestivykh stranstvij: ukromnye svyatyni, temnye dela i logistika palomnichestva v Odesse kontsa XIX v. // Russkij Sbornik: Issledovaniya po istorii Rossii / red. sost. O. R. Ajrapetov, M. A. Kolerov, Bryus Menning, A. Yu. Polunov, Pol Chejsti. T. XIX. M.: Modest Kolerov, 2016.

27. Shapovalov M. S. Inostrannoe prisutstvie v Palestine v dnevnikakh i zametkakh russkikh puteshestvennikov kontsa XIX — nachala KhKh vv. // Novejshaya istoriya Rossii. 2018. T. 8. № 4.

28. Shapovalov M. S., Bokatov A. Yu., Valitov A. A., Gerasimova V. A., Grigoryan Eh. R., Mantsevich L. N., Murastova K. A., Shevelev D. L. Voobrazhaya Palestinu: Svyataya zemlya i russkaya identichnost' v XIX — nachale XXI vv. SPb.: Nestor-Istoriya, 2021.

29. Kalinowska I. Between East and West: Polish and Russian Nineteenth Century Travel to the Orient.Rochester. 2004.

30. Leber T. The role and image of the Holy Land in accounts of medieval female pilgrims //Croatica christiana periodica. 2015. Vol. 75.

31. Stavrou T. G. Russian Interests in Palestine, 1882—1914: A Study of Religious and Educational Enterprise. Thessaloniki, 1963.

32. Stavrou T. G., Weisensel P. R. Russian Travelers to the Christian East from the Twelfth to the Twentieth Century. Columbus, Ohio: Slavica Publishers, 1986.

Система Orphus

Loading...
Up