Subjective public rights and the problem of the certainty of the legal status of the individual

Occupation: Professor of the Department of service and labor law of Stolypin Volga region Institute of management of the Russian Academy of national economy
Affiliation: Stolypin Volga region Institute of management of the Russian Academy of national economy
Address: Russian Federation, Saratov

Journal name

Gosudarstvo i pravo

Edition

Issue 7

Pages

52-62

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the development of perceptions of human rights and freedoms from the understanding of them as “reflexes” of objective law to the recognition of self-sufficient, independent of the establishment in positive law of subjective public rights. At the same time, the author raises the problem of the certainty of the content of subjective public rights: if fundamental rights and freedoms determine the meaning and content of positive law, what determines the content of the rights and freedoms themselves? This problem is dealt with in the article in connection with the justice of fundamental rights and freedoms, the possibility of their direct effect, the generation of rights of new generations (the fourth generation of rights). In the framework of the research, great attention is paid to the works of classics of the theory of human rights and freedoms both in the world legal literature (R. Jering, G. Ellinek, J. Carbonier, M. Kumm, etc.), and Russian legal scholars (B. Kistyakovsky, Yu. Gambarov, Y. Magaziner, etc.). In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the author uses both the popular scientific dialectical method, which allows to understand the ambivalence of understanding of the legal categories under consideration, as well as methods of formal logic, comparative method, system-structural method, etc. As a result of the study, the author concludes that the specific nature of fundamental rights and freedoms lies in the system of addressing them: the State is the main addressee and the obliged person, and special justice is the possibility of direct protection, even in the absence of a sufficiently defined mechanism in legislation by national constitutional courts and inter-State bodies for the protection of human rights. The article provides a brief analysis of the so-called fourth-generation rights, justifies the conclusion that there is a distinction between individual claims, which are the result of the general principle of legal freedom – “permitted, all that is not prohibited” and valid subjective rights. According to the author, a wide range of “somatic rights” put forward in the special literature is essentially such individual claims and closer to the notion of “legal reflex” than a valid subjective right.

Keywords

law reflexes, subjective public rights, legal definiteness, yustitsiabelnost, legal status, rights of the fourth generation

Acknowledgment

The publication was prepared within the framework of the RFBR supported scientific project No. 19-011-00418 A.

Received

16.03.2021

Publication date

25.07.2022

Number of characters

35960

Cite

GOST	Presnyakov M. Subjective public rights and the problem of the certainty of the legal status of the individual // Gosudarstvo i pravo – 2022. – Issue 7 C. 52-62 [Electronic resource]. URL: https://gospravo-journal.ru/S102694520021207-8-1 (circulation date: 05.05.2024). DOI: 10.31857/S102694520021207-8
MLA	Presnyakov, Mikhail V "Subjective public rights and the problem of the certainty of the legal status of the individual." Gosudarstvo i pravo 7 (2022):52-62. DOI: 10.31857/S102694520021207-8
APA	Presnyakov M. (2022). Subjective public rights and the problem of the certainty of the legal status of the individual. Gosudarstvo i pravo (7), pp.52-62 DOI: 10.31857/S102694520021207-8

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