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The Khabarovsk process as the most important stage implementation of the Nuremberg Principles and the formation of an international criminal justice
 
PIIS102694520017363-0-1
DOI10.31857/S102694520017363-0
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Alexander N. Savenkov 
Occupation: Director of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Affiliation: Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameGosudarstvo i pravo
EditionIsuue 10
Pages7-40
Abstract

Based on the analysis of a significant array of historical facts, normative legal acts and legal positions of domestic and foreign scientists, the article assesses the Nuremberg Principles in the Tokyo and Khabarovsk process of Japanese war criminals. It is confirmed that it was within the framework of the Khabarovsk process that Soviet prosecutors and investigators first established and investigated indisputable evidence of the criminal activities of Japanese militarists, sanctioned by the emperor, for the development and use of weapons of mass destruction (bacteriological weapons) during the battles on Khalkhin-Gol, as well as during the war of Japan against China. For the first time, the facts of conducting deadly medical experiments on prisoners of war, whose victims were thousands of people, are presented. The article shows the illegal position of the American military leadership, which was expressed in countering justice, harboring war criminals in exchange for the results of their monstrous research. The results of the Khabarovsk process, which served as the basis for the adoption of international legal documents on the prohibition of the development, production and stockpiling of bacteriological (biological) and toxin, as well as chemical weapons and on their destruction, are studied. It is demonstrated that the principles formulated in the Nuremberg Code have become the basis for many international and national legislative acts in the field of conducting medical research on humans. Their implementation into the legal system of the Russian Federation and subsequent development in the current legislation are traced.

KeywordsWorld War II, aggression of militaristic Japan, bacteriological weapons, chemical weapons, deadly experiments on humans, war crimes, the Nuremberg Principles, the Tokyo process, the Khabarovsk process, harboring criminals in the United States, historical memory, norms and principles of International Law
Received17.09.2021
Publication date17.11.2021
Number of characters140946
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