Antarctica yesterday, today, tomorrow: to the 200th anniversary of the discov-ery

 
PIIS102694520010704-5-1
DOI10.31857/S102694520010704-5
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Occupation: Director of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Affiliation: Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Occupation: Senior researcher of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Affiliation: Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Address: Russia
Journal nameGosudarstvo i pravo
EditionIssue 7
Pages7-24
Abstract

Antarctica as a zone of national interests of many States has always attracted increased attention. The article describes the history of its development and the emergence of claims to sovereignty over various territories and waters of the region. The entry into force of the Antarctic Treaty halted this process. Analyzed the norms and the evolution of major international legal instruments Treaty System the Antarctic with the development and application of their provisions at the modern stage, ensuring the functioning of the unique legal regime of the Antarctic as one of the few regions of our planet, resources and territory which the different States together and use exclusively for peaceful purposes for the benefit of science. The positive experience of interstate cooperation between countries that traditionally have a number of disagreements on various political, economic and ideological issues is a good example of successful cooperation in finding effective solutions to global problems facing humanity, such as environmental pollution, climate change and its consequences, and the loss of components of biological diversity. There is a need to prevent conflict situations in the region that may lead to its division into the spheres of influence of individual States, for which it is necessary to take into account and continue to actively search for a solution to the contradictions between the legal acts of the Antarctic Treaty System and other international legal acts at the global level.

The legal regulation of the Russian Federation's activities in Antarctica has a rich history and is currently in the sphere of close attention of the country's leadership, since Antarctica is traditionally one of the strategic regions for ensuring the national interests and security of our state. The Russian Federation should promptly respond to existing and emerging challenges and conflicts in the region and shape its state policy, measures that will strengthen Russia's influence in the region.

KeywordsAntarctica, the Antarctic Treaty System, law-making, sources of International Law, universal international legal norms, national interests, security, international scientific research, environmental protection, development of the Antarctic region
Received10.06.2020
Publication date07.08.2020
Number of characters75550
Cite  
100 rub.
When subscribing to an article or issue, the user can download PDF, evaluate the publication or contact the author. Need to register.

Number of purchasers: 0, views: 1351

Readers community rating: votes 0

1. 150th anniversary of the discovery of Antarctica // Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 1970. No. 5. P. 130, 131 (in Russ.).

2. Bekyashev D.K. Modern international legal problems of fishing: dis. ... Doctor of Law. M., 2017. P. 568 (in Russ.).

3. Berg L.S. Russian discoveries in Antarctica and modern interest in it: report at the General meeting of the active members of the Geographical society of the USSR on February 10, 1949. M., 1949. P. 5 (in Russ.).

4. Annual report of the Council for the Arctic and Antarctic of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation "On the state and problems of legislative support for the implementation of the strategy for the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and ensuring national security for the period up to 2020. On the state and problems of legislative support for scientific activities of the Russian Federation in Antarctica" for 2018. URL: http://council.gov.ru/media/files/VAzBy5r749GuZRCQD6zKQ6N0UzKAICAg.pdf/ (accessed: 03.03.2020) (in Russ.).

5. Kolesnikova E.A. Antarctica: the history of development and prospects of international management in the XXI century. Un-t. Ser. 25 "International relations and world politics". 2015. No. 4. P. 190 (in Russ.).

6. Koltakova A., Pankova V., Tsvetkova Yu. S. Some issues of legal regulation of the Arctic and Antarctic environment // Ocean management. 2018. No. 2(3). P. 31 (in Russ.).

7. Kudelkin N.S. Legal protection of the Arctic marine environment from pollution by alien species // Herald of Kutafin University (MSLA). 2019. No. 1. P. 111 (in Russ.).

8. Lukin V.V. On the issue of the national Antarctic strategy // International life. 2018. No. 1. P. 75, 76 (in Russ.).

9. Lukin V.V. Prerequisites for the creation and modern role of the Madrid Protocol in the Antarctic Treaty system // Problems of the Arctic and Antarctic. 2017. No. 2 (112). P. 112 (in Russ.).

10. Lukin V.V., Klokov V.D., Pomelov V.N. System of the Antarctic Treaty: legal acts, comment. SPb., 2002. P. 10 (in Russ.).

11. General meeting of the Geographical society of the USSR on February 10, 1949 // Bulletin of the USSR Academy of Sciences. 1949. No. 3. P. 70 (in Russ.).

12. Prospects of Russian polar research in the light of the preparation of the International polar partnership initiative // Ice and Snow. Vol. 56. 2016. No. 1. P. 136, 137 (in Russ.).

13. Petrov A.F., Kasatkina S.M. Marine protected areas (MOR)in Antarctica-an instrument of the geopolitical struggle for resources // Fisheries. 2019. No. 3. P. 5 (in Russ.).

14. Rednikova T.V. Ensuring sustainable development of the Arctic: legal protection of ecosystems and their components // Citizen and law. 2018. No. 8. P. 73 (in Russ.).

15. Romanova T. What is political ecology? // Russia in global politics. Vol. 8. 2010. No. 5. P. 156 (in Russ.).

16. Fastovich G.G. Compliance with the Antarctic security regime as one of the priority directions of the state mechanism of modern Russia // Science and education: experience, problems, prospects of development: materials of the International scientific-practical Conf. / rel. for vol.: V.L. Bopp, E. I. Sorokina. Krasnoyarsk, 2018. P. 425 (in Russ.).

17. Fenenko A. Russia and the competition for the redistribution of polar spaces // World economy and international relations. 2011. No. 4. P. 23 (in Russ.).

18. Yakovets Yu. V. Prospects for partnership between Russia and the United States: historical experience and prospects // Strategic priorities. 2019. No. 1 (21). P. 47 (in Russ.).

19. Erbe C., Dähne M., Gordon J. etc. (2019) Managing the Effects of Noise from Ship Traffic, Seismic Surveying and Construction on Marine Mammals in Antarctica. Front. Mar. Sci. 6:647. P. 2.

20. Hughes K.A., Constable A., Freno Y. etc. Antarctic environmental protection: Strengthening the links between science and governance // Environmental Science and Policy. 2018. No. 83. P. 94.

21. Report to Congress on Coast Guard Polar Security Cutter. March 13, 2020. URL: https://news.usni.org/2020/03/13/report-to-congress-on-coast-guard-polar-security-cutter-6

22. Trump memo demands new fleet of Arctic icebreakers be ready by 2029. URL: https://www.defensenews.com/naval/2020/06/09/trump-memo-demands-new-fleet-of-arctic-icebreakers-to-be-ready-by-2029/

23. Turner J., Barrand N.E., Bracegirdle T.J. etc. (2014) Antarctic climate change and the environment: an update. Polar Record 50 (254). P. 253.

Система Orphus

Loading...
Up