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On cultivation technology of berry crops suitable for mechanized harvesting
 
PIIS250020820001996-5-1
DOI
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
O. Panfilova 
Occupation: PhD in Agricultural sciences
Affiliation: Russian Research Institute for Fruit Crop Breeding
Address: Russian Federation
Journal nameVestnik of The Russian agricultural science
Edition№5-2018
Pages85-90
Abstract

The review of domestic and foreign reports devoted to the improvement of currant and gooseberry cultivation technology for mechanized harvesting is presented. Common approaches to the selection of cultivars and methods of agricultural practice are considered: the importance of a cultivar in the aspect of industrial cultivation; planting design; the value of pruning in dense plantations; agronomical practice of growing. Much attention is paid to a new assortment of currants and gooseberries developed in the Central-Chernozem, North-West and Central regions and Siberia, from the point of view of profound study of suitability for intensive technologies of cultivation and obtaining maximum economic effect. Cultivation technologies and cultivars suitable for mechanized harvesting are presented. The cultivars are from the countries of Eastern and Western Europe (Poland, Germany, England, France, Belgium and the Netherlands) as well as from the USA and Canada. The value and types of pruning (economic, rejuvenating and detailed pruning) in the dense plantations of gooseberries and currants as well as reports of leading research institutes in this trend are shown. The impact of cultivation technology (types of pruning) on the photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content in the leaves of black currant is described. A particular attention is paid to the work of VNIISPK breeders in the question of the value of a cultivar in the agronomical practice of berry crops. In black currants the varietal differences influence much on the value of crop losses. The cultivars that have simultaneous ripening of berries in the bunch are preferable for mechanized harvesting. Azhurnaya, Zusha and Ekzotica from the VNIISPK breeding program belong to such black currant cultivars. Their crop losses at harvest at the optimum time does not exceed 3.4-13.8%.

Keywordsblack currant, red currant, gooseberry, cultivars, agronomical practice
Received27.10.2018
Publication date29.10.2018
Number of characters1743
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