T. S. Fedotov and the Problems of Utilization of Heart-Lung Machine in the USSR (1940s – 1950s)

Occupation: Head of the museum complex of VSMU named after N.N. Burdenko
Affiliation: N. N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University
Address: Russian Federation, Voronezh

Journal name

Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki

Edition

Volume 43 Issue 2

Pages

378-388

Abstract

This article reviews the biography of T. S. Fedotov, a Voronezh associate of a prominent physiologist S. S. Bryukhonenko. Studies on the application of autojector, the first heart-lung machine in the world created by Bryukhonenko, were carried out at the Voronezh Medical Institute jointly with the Institute of Experimental Physiology and Therapy of the Peopleʼs Commissariat for Health since mid-1930s. It was under Bryukhonenko’s supervision that Fedotov prepared his dissertation (1941) on the restoration of higher nervous activity in dogs, revived after exsanguination and clinical death. After the war, in Voronezh, Fedotov continued with his own experimental studies of the use of the autojector on laboratory animals. At the same time, he encountered the medical community’s disapproval of the idea of using the heart-lung machine (cardiopulmonary bypass) and was scientifically marginalized. Nevertheless Fedotov did not abandon his experiments with Bryukhonenko’s device and even modernized it. Using the case of Fedotov’s life and work as an example, the paper attempts to show the complicated and controversial events in Soviet science in the first decades after the Great Patriotic War. The inflated expectations for using the heart-lung machine in the pre-war 1930s and the hopes for, in the near future, being able to revive humans after the war gave way to rejection of the device as harmful and useless for practical application.

Keywords

T. S. Fedotov, S. S. Bryukhonenko, autojector, history of heart-lung machine, N. N. Burdenko Voronezh Medical University

Received

18.10.2021

Publication date

27.06.2022

Number of characters

18241

Cite

GOST	Markova S. T. S. Fedotov and the Problems of Utilization of Heart-Lung Machine in the USSR (1940s – 1950s) // Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki – 2022. – V. 43. – Issue 2 C. 378-388 [Electronic resource]. URL: https://vietmag.org/S020596060020638-3-1 (circulation date: 20.04.2024). DOI: 10.31857/S020596060020638-3
MLA	Markova, Svetlana V "T. S. Fedotov and the Problems of Utilization of Heart-Lung Machine in the USSR (1940s – 1950s)." Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki 43.2 (2022):378-388. DOI: 10.31857/S020596060020638-3
APA	Markova S. (2022). T. S. Fedotov and the Problems of Utilization of Heart-Lung Machine in the USSR (1940s – 1950s). Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki 43(2), pp.378-388 DOI: 10.31857/S020596060020638-3

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