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Russian physicians in search of the language of selfanalysis: The notions of abuse and humaneness in the professional discourse of psychiatrists in the Russian empire (late 19th – early 20th century)
 
PIIS020596060004939-4-1
DOI10.31857/S020596060004939-4
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Ruslan Mitrofanov 
Affiliation: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Address: Maria-Theresia-Straße 21, Munich, D-81675, Germany
Journal nameVoprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki
EditionVolume 40 2
Pages292-321
Abstract

This paper analyses central for M. Foucault notions of “humaneness” and “abuse” in psychiatry in the context of the discussion among the psychiatrists of the Russian Empire about the practices of non-restraint and bed treatment of the mentally ill (late 19th – early 20th century). The author put the question, whether Foucault’s approach is capable of adequately describing the historical experience of psychiatry in the Russian Empire, in particular, the experience of employing abusive practices in this country or is the “paleontological” approach developed by a group of historians associating themselves with the “new imperial history” movement that pays much attention to studying the language of the past (in this case, the language of self-description and self-analysis of psychiatry in the Russian Empire) better suited for this purpose? The author believes that the latter is more likely to be true and that the second approach enables him to transcend the scope of Foucault’s concept and describe the process of development of the “science of soul” in Russia as an evolution of the system of psychiatrists’ views on the borders and the ways of using their own power.

KeywordsM. Foucault, history of psychiatry, Russian Empire, abuse, humaneness, new imperial history
Received20.06.2019
Publication date20.06.2019
Number of characters70539
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