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African and Middle Eastern Countries’ Lobbying and U.S. and E.U. Sanction
 
PIIS032120680002701-5-1
DOI10.31857/S032120680002701-5
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Natalia Danilina 
Occupation: second year Master student at Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Affiliation: Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Address: 49 Leningradsky prosp., Moscow, 125993, Russian Federation
Sergey Kostyayev
Occupation: candidate of political sciences, adjunct senior fellow at Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PhD student and part-time lecturer at Rutgers University
Affiliation: Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INION RAN)
Address: 15/2 Krzhizhanovskogo st., Moscow, 117218, Russian Federation
Journal nameUSA & Canada: ekonomika, politika, kultura
EditionIssue 12
Pages36-50
Abstract

The article is an attempt to answer a question: how effective is lobbying by African and Middle Eastern countriesin their attempts to liftsanctions. The main analytical strategy is panel data random effects logistic regression. Panel data includes data on 15 countries from 2001 to 2017. Dependent variable is sanctions status (present, absent), independent variables are: lobbying spending in a given year, the number of consulting firms in a given year, GDP in a given year, the party which controls White House. Logistic regression is used because of dependent variable is dichotomous. Random effects are used because in insufficient variability in dependent variable for a number of countries. Main conclusions: first, while U.S. share in Global GDP shrinks, the share of foreign clients of all clients of Washington consulting firms decreases, second, lobbying activities operationalized as the number of consulting firms and lobbying spending are not statistically significant, third, the longer a country is under sanctions, the less likely it will be able to lift them.

Keywordslobbying, sanctions, U.S., E.U., African countries, Middle East
Received23.12.2018
Publication date28.12.2018
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