Overqualification of Russian Employees: Scale, Determinants, Consequences

In this article the problem of inconsistency of employees' characteristics with the requirements of the labor market is considered. The research objective is to estimate the scale of overqualification mismatch of Russian employees, to find its determinants and influence on potential turnover and job satisfaction. The empirical basis of the work was microdata from the Comprehensive Living Conditions Survey conducted by Rosstat in 2018. Measurement of qualification mismatch is based on respondents' self-assessment. About half of Russian employees assess their qualifications as excessive. Regression analysis has shown that the most significant determinant of overqualification is the level of education. Work in the informal sector, poor working conditions, excessive education and work not in the specialty increase the probability that the employee will consider himself/herself overqualified. It has been proved that overqualification is a significant predictor of labor behavior. The probability of searching for a new, more suitable job is higher for those employees who assess their qualifications as excessive. Overqualification has a negative effect on job satisfaction, reducing the likelihood of feeling satisfied and increasing the risks of dissatisfaction.

Ключевые слова

qualification mismatch, overqualification, potential turnover, job satisfaction

Источник финансирования

This article is a translation of: Варшавская Е.Я. Избыточная квалификация российских работников: масштабы, детерминанты, последствия // Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniia. 2021. No 11: 37–48. DOI: 10.31857/S013216250016075-5

Получено

23.12.2021

Дата публикации

24.12.2021

Кол-во символов

26263

Цитировать Скачать pdf

ГОСТ	Варшавская Е. Я. Overqualification of Russian Employees: Scale, Determinants, Consequences // Социологические исследования – 2021. – Номер 12 C. 175-184 [Электронный ресурс]. URL: http://ras.jes.su/socis/s013216250017613-7-1 (дата обращения: 27.04.2024). DOI: 10.31857/S013216250017613-7
MLA	Varshavskaya, Elena Ya "Overqualification of Russian Employees: Scale, Determinants, Consequences." Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya 12 (2021):175-184. DOI: 10.31857/S013216250017613-7
APA	Varshavskaya E. (2021). Overqualification of Russian Employees: Scale, Determinants, Consequences. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya (12), pp.175-184 DOI: 10.31857/S013216250017613-7

Всего подписок: 0, всего просмотров: 1013

Оценка читателей: голосов 0

1. Allen J., van der Velden R. (2001) Educational Mismatches versus Skill Mismatches: Effects on Wages, Job Satisfaction, and On¬the¬Job Search. Oxford Economic Papers. Vol. 53. No. 3: 434–452. DOI: 10.1093/ oep/53.3.434.

2. Badillo-Amador L., Vila L.E. (2013) Education and Skill Mismatches: Wage and Job Satisfaction Consequences. International Journal of Manpower. Vol. 34. No. 5: 416–428. DOI: 10.1108/IJM¬05¬2013¬0116.

3. Cedefop. (2015) Skills, Qualifications and Jobs in the EU: The Making of a Perfect Match? Evidence from Cedefop’s European Skills and Jobs Survey. Cedefop Reference Series 103. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

4. Chevalier A. (2003) Measuring Over¬Education. Economica. Vol. 70. No. 279: 509–531. DOI: 10.1111/1468¬ 0335.t01¬1¬00296.

5. Congregado E., Iglesias J., Millan J.M., Roman C. (2016) Incidence, Effects, Dynamics and Routes out of Overqualification in Europe: A Comprehensive Analysis Distinguishing by Employment Status. Applied Economics. Vol. 48. No. 5: 411–445. DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2015.1083080.

6. Erdogan B., Bauer T.N. (2020) Overqualification at Work: A Review and Synthesis of the Literature. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Vol. 8: 259–283. DOI: 10.1146/ annurev¬orgpsych¬012420¬055831.

7. Erdogan B., Karaeminogullari A., Bauer T.N., Ellis A.M. (2020) Perceived Overqualification at Work: Implications for Extrarole Behaviors and Advice Network Centrality. Journal of Management. Vol. 46. No. 4: 583–606. DOI: 10.1177/0149206318804331.

8. Flisi S., Goglio V., Meroni E., Rodrigues M., Vera¬Toscano E. (2014) Occupational Mismatch in Europe: Understanding OVereducation and Overskilling for Policy Making. Luxembourg: Publication Office of the European Union.

9. Flisi S., Goglio V., Meroni E.C., Rodrigues M., Vera¬Toscano E. (2017) Measuring Occupational Mismatch: Overeducation and Overskill in Europe – Evidence from PIAAC. Social Indicators Research. Vol. 131. No. 3: 1211–1249. DOI: 10.1007/s11205¬016¬1292¬7.

10. Gimpelson V., Kapeliushnikov R., Lukyanova A. (2010) Education Level of Russian Employees: Optimal, Excessive, Insufficient? Preprint No. WP3/2010/09. Moscow: NIU VShE. (In Russ.)

11. Green F., McIntosh S. (2007) Is there a Genuine Under¬utilization of Skills amongst the Overqualified? Applied Economics. Vol. 39. No. 4: 427–439. DOI: 10.1080/00036840500427700.

12. Green F., McIntosh S., Vignoles A. (2002) The Utilization of Education and Skills: Evidence from Britain. The Manchester School. Vol. 70. No. 6: 792–811. DOI: 10.1111/1467¬9957.00325.

13. Green F., Zhu Y. (2010) Overqualification, Job Dissatisfaction, and Increasing Dispersion in the Returns to Graduate Education. Oxford Economic Papers. Vol. 62. No. 4: 740–763. DOI: 10.1093/oep/gpq002.

14. Harari M.B., Manapragada A., Viswesvaran C. (2017) Who Thinks They're a Big Fish in a Small Pond and Why Does it Matter? A Meta¬analysis of Perceived Overqualification. Journal of Vocational Behavior. Vol. 102: 28–47. DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2017.06.002.

15. Jovanovic B. (1979) Job Matching and the Theory of Turnover. The Journal of Political Economy. Vol. 87. o. 5. Part 1: 972–990. DOI: 10.1086/260808.

16. Kapeliushnikov R., Karabchuk T., Ryzhikova Z., Bilyak T. (2009) Choice of Occupation: Where Have We Studied and Where Are We Working? Economicheskiy zhurnal VShE [The HSE Economic Journal]. No. 2: 172–216. (In Russ.)]

17. Kolosova A., Rudakov V., Roshchin S. (2020) The Impact of Job–Education Match on Graduate Salaries and Job Satisfaction. Voprosy Economiki. No. 11: 113–132. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.32609/0042¬8736-2020¬11¬113¬132.

18. Liu S., Luksyte A., Zhou L., Shi J., Wang M. (2015) Overqualification and Counterproductive Work Behaviors: Examining a Moderated Mediation Model. Journal of Organizational Behavior. Vol. 36. No. 2: 250–271. DOI: 10.1002/job.1979.

19. Luksyte A., Spitzmueller C. (2011) Overqualified Women: What Can be Done about this Potentially Bad Situation? Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Vol. 4. No. 2: 256–259. DOI: 10.1111/j.1754¬9434.2011.01338.x.

20. Madamba A.B., De Jong G.F. (1997) Job Mismatch among Asians in the United States: Ethnic group Comparisons. Social Science Quarterly. Vol. 78. No. 2: 524–542.

21. Maltseva V. (2019) The Concept of Skills Mismatch and the Problem of Measuring Cognitive Skills Mismatch in Cross-National Studies. Voprosy obrazovaniya [Educational Studies Moscow] No. 3: 43–76. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.17323/1814¬9545¬2019¬3¬43¬76.

22. Mavromaras K., Mahuteau S., Sloane P., Wei Z. (2013) The Effect of Overskilling Dynamics on Wages. Education Economics. Vol. 21. No. 3: 281–303. DOI: 10.1080/09645292.2013.797382.

23. Maynard D.C., Parfyonova N.M. (2013) Perceived Overqualification and Withdrawal Behaviours: Examining the Roles of Job Attitudes and Work Values. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. Vol. 86. No. 3: 435–455. DOI: 10.1111/joop.12006.

24. McGuinness S., Pouliakas K. & Redmond P. (2018) Skill Mismatch: Concepts, Measurement and Policy Approaches. Journal of Economic Surveys. Vol. 32. No. 4: 985–1015. DOI: 10.1111/joes.12254.

25. McGuinness S., Sloane P. (2011) Labour Market Mismatch among UK Graduates: An Analysis Using REFLEX Data. Economics of Education Review. Vol. 30. No. 1: 130–145. DOI: 10.1016/j.econedurev.2010.07.006.

26. McGuinness S., Wooden M. (2009) Overskilling, Job Insecurity, and Career Mobility. Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society. Vol. 48. No. 2: 265–286. DOI: 10.1111/j.1468¬232X.2009.00557.x. McKee¬Ryan F.M., Virick M., Prussia G.E., Harvey J., Lilly J.D. (2009) Life after the Layoff: Getting a Job

27. OECD. (2015) Skill Mismatch and Public Policy in OECD Countries. Economics Department Working Papers No. 1210. ECO/WKP(2015)28. Paris: OECD.

28. Peiro J.M., Agust S., Grau R. (2010). Relationship between Perceived Overeducation and Job Satisfaction among Spanish Young Workers: The Moderating Role of Salary, Contract of Employment, and Work Experience. Journal of Applied Social Psychology. Vol. 40. No. 3: 666–689. DOI: 10.1111/j.1559¬1816.2010.00592.x.

29. Pellizzari M., Fichen A. (2017) A New Measure of Skill Mismatch: Theory and Evidence from PIAAC. IZA Journal of Labor Economics. Vol. 6. No. 1: 1–30. DOI: 10.1186/s40172¬016¬0051¬y.

30. Perry A., Wiederhold S., Ackermann¬Piek D. (2014) How Can Skill Mismatch Be Measured? New Approaches with PIAAC. Methods, Data, Analyses. Vol. 8. No. 2: 137–174. DOI: 10.12758/mda.2014.006.

31. Sáez M.P., González¬Prieto N., Cantarero¬Prieto D. (2016) Is Over¬Education a Problem in Spain? Empirical Evidence Based on the EU¬SILC. Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement. Vol. 126. No. 2: 617–632. DOI: 10.1007/s11205¬015¬0916¬7.

32. Sánchez¬Sánchez N., McGuiness S. (2015) Decomposing the Impacts of Overeducation and Overskilling on Earnings and Job Satisfaction: An Analysis Using REFLEX Data. Education Economics. Vol. 23. No. 4: 419–432. DOI: 10.1080/09645292.2013.846297.

33. Sattinger M. (1993) Assignment Models of the Distribution of Earnings. Journal of Economic Literature. Vol. 31. No. 2: 831–880.

34. Somers M.A., Cabus S.J., Groot W., van den Brink H.M. (2019) Horizontal Mismatch between Employment and Field of Education: Evidence from a Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Economic Surveys. Vol. 33. No. 2: 567–603. DOI: 10.1111/joes.12271.

35. Sutherland J. (2012) Qualifications Mismatch and Skills Mismatch. Education + Training. Vol. 54. No. 7: 619–632. DOI 10.1108/00400911211265666.

36. UNECE. (2015) Handbook on Measuring Quality of Employment: A Statistical Framework. New York; Geneva: Unated Nations. URL: http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/stats/publications/2015/ECE_CES_40.pdf (accessed 27.04.2021).

37. Varshavskaya E. (2016) Russian Employees with Higher Education: Analysis of Areas of Study. Voprosy statistiki. No. 9: 65–74. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.34023/2313¬6383¬2016¬0¬9¬65¬74.

38. Wald S. (2005) The Impact of Overqualification on Job Search. International Journal of Manpower. Vol. 26. No. 2: 140–156. DOI 10.1108/01437720510597649.

39. Worth Keeping. Journal of Organizational Behavior. Vol. 30. No. 4: 561–580. DOI: 10.1002/job.566. Moro¬Egido A.I. (2020) Gender Differences in Skill Mismatches. Hacienda Pública Española/Review of Public Economics. Vol. 235. No. 4: 29–60. DOI: 10.7866/HPE¬RPE.20.4.3.

40. Zhang M.J., Law K.S., Lin B. (2016) You Think You Are Big Fish in a Small Pond? Perceived Overqualification, Goal Orientations, and Proactivity at Work. Journal of Organizational Behavior. Vol. 37. No. 1: 61–84. DOI: 10.1002/job.2024.