Theory of Problem Situations: Research Perspectives

Occupation: Associate Professor of the Department of General Psychology, Faculty of Psycholog
Affiliation: Lomonosov Moscow State University
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow

V. A. Grudinin

Affiliation: National Research University “Higher School of Economics”
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow

M. I. Kunashenko

Affiliation: Lomonosov Moscow State University
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow

Journal name

Psikhologicheskii zhurnal

Edition

Volume 43 Issue 6

Pages

18-27

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the theory of problem situations (A.M. Matyushkin) in order to identify perspective directions for its development. The actuality is associated with the study of productive forms of thinking from the position of this theory using modern methods of analysis and data processing. There are empirical studies according to the components of the psychological structure of a problem situation. The goal is to identify the links between the objectively and subjectively assessed success in solving problematic tasks with the experience of a cognitive need in the form of intellectual emotions and the cognitive capabilities of the subject. Hypotheses: the connection between experiencing a cognitive need and success depends on the stage of solution and the content of the task; subjective success positively related to objective success in problem solving by specialists. The research involved 186 students (from 17 to 20 years old; 76 males, 110 females), who solved four problematic tasks of different content. Methods: intellectual test “Raven's Progressive Matrices”, questionnaire “Emotional Intelligence” by D.V. Lyusin; “Complex analogies”, “Understanding the meaning of proverbs”, Torrance's creativity test “Completion of pictures”, Cacioppo's scale of need for cognition, R. Amthauer's test for structure of intellect; knowledge test of general psychology; author's methods for assessing the forms of experiencing a cognitive need; understanding the meaning of scientific/artistic texts. The discrepancy between the form of experiencing the cognitive need and the content of the stage is associated with the non-successful solution. Specialists in solving scientific problematic tasks, showing reasonable intellectual confidence at the stages of understanding and hypotheses through using of special knowledge, successfully solve the tasks in accordance with objective criteria for successful solution. There are perspectives directions for the development of the theory of problem situations to the context of the successful problem solving: processual experience of cognitive need, processual subjective and objective estimations of the success of a solution, the structure of the subject's cognitive capabilities in connection with the difficulty of the problematic task.

Keywords

productive thinking, problematic task, problem situation, cognitive need, need for cognition, intellectual emotions, cognitive capabilities, success of the solution

Publication date

22.12.2022

Number of characters

27694

Cite

GOST	Matyushkina A., Grudinin V., Kunashenko M. Theory of Problem Situations: Research Perspectives // Psikhologicheskii zhurnal – 2022. – V. 43. – Issue 6 C. 18-27 [Electronic resource]. URL: https://psy.jes.su/S020595920023637-6-1 (circulation date: 02.05.2024). DOI: 10.31857/S020595920023637-6
MLA	Matyushkina, A. A., Grudinin, V. A., Kunashenko, M. I. "Theory of Problem Situations: Research Perspectives." Psikhologicheskii zhurnal 43.6 (2022):18-27. DOI: 10.31857/S020595920023637-6
APA	Matyushkina A., Grudinin V., Kunashenko M. (2022). Theory of Problem Situations: Research Perspectives. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal 43(6), pp.18-27 DOI: 10.31857/S020595920023637-6

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