Psychometric examination of the Russian version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scales-21

Occupation: Senior Lecturer of the School of Psychology, Senior Research Fellow of the International Laboratory of Positive Psychology of Personality and Motivation
Affiliation: HSE University
Address: Moscow, Myasnickaya str., b., 20

Journal name

Psikhologicheskii zhurnal

Edition

Volume 42 Issue 5

Pages

80-88

Abstract

The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) is one of the most common instruments for assessing psychological distress [2]. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Russian DASS-21. The participants were 1,153 Russian-speaking adults aged 18 to 84 years. In addition to the Russian DASS-21, the participants completed the Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). A series of confirmatory factor analyses showed the bifactor structure of the Russian DASS-21, full invariance by gender and partial invariance by age. The Russian DASS-21 scores were negatively correlated with the SF-36 scores and positively associated with the SCL-90-R scores, suggesting the convergent validity. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were 0.90, 0.85 and 0.91 for the depression, anxiety, and stress subscales, and 0.95 for the general psychological distress score, indicating the internal reliability. Thus, the Russian DASS-21 is a valid and reliable instrument and can be used for screening and monitoring psychological distress in Russian-speaking respondents.

Keywords

DASS-21, depression, anxiety, stress, psychological distress, quality of life, healthcare system

Publication date

08.11.2021

Number of characters

21641

Cite

GOST	Zolotareva A. Psychometric examination of the Russian version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scales-21 // Psikhologicheskii zhurnal – 2021. – V. 42. – Issue 5 C. 80-88 [Electronic resource]. URL: https://psy.jes.su/S020595920017077-0-1 (circulation date: 15.10.2024). DOI: 10.31857/S020595920017077-0
MLA	Zolotareva, Alena "Psychometric examination of the Russian version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scales-21." Psikhologicheskii zhurnal 42.5 (2021):80-88. DOI: 10.31857/S020595920017077-0
APA	Zolotareva A. (2021). Psychometric examination of the Russian version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scales-21. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal 42(5), pp.80-88 DOI: 10.31857/S020595920017077-0

100 rub.

When subscribing to an article or issue, the user can download PDF, evaluate the publication or contact the author. Need to register.

Number of purchasers: 12, views: 3487

Readers community rating: votes 0

1. Amirdjanova  V.N., Goryachev  D.V., Korshunov  N.I., Rebrov  A.P., Sorotskaya  V.N. Populyacionnye pokazateli kachestva zhizni po oprosniku SF-36 (rezul'taty mnogocentrovogo issledovaniya kachestva zhizni “MIRAZH”) [SF-36 questionnaire population quality of life indices]. Nauchno-prakticheskaya revmatologiya [Rheumatology Science and Practice]. 2008. Vol. 1. P. 36–48 (In Russian).

2. Zolotareva  A.A. Sistematicheskij obzor psihometricheskih svojstv shkaly depressii, trevogi i stressa (DASS-21) [Systematic review of the psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21)]. Obozrenie psihiatrii i medicinskoj psihologii imeni V.M. Bekhtereva [V.M. Bekhterev Review of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology]. 2020. №. 2. P. 26–37. doi: 10.31363/2313-7053-2020-2-26-37 (In Russian).

3. Ruzhenkova  V.V., Ruzhenkov  V.A. Russkoyazychnaya adaptaciya testa DASS-21 dlya skrining-diagnostiki depressii, trevogi i stressa [Russian adaptation of the DASS-21 for screening and diagnosis of depression, anxiety and stress]. Vestnik nevrologii, psihiatrii i nejrohirurgii [Bulletin of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery]. 2019. № 10. P. 39–46 (In Russian).

4. Tarabrina  N.V. Praktikum po psihologii posttravmaticheskogo stressa [Workshop on the psychology of post-traumatic stress]. SPb: Piter, 2001 (In Russian).

5. Bados A., Solanas A., Andrés R. Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS). Psicothema. 2005. V. 17. № 4. P. 679–683.

6. Beaufort I.N., De Weert-Van Oene G.H., Buwalda V.A.J., de Leeuw J.R.J., Goudriaan A.E. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) as a screener for depression in substance use disorder inpatients: A pilot study. European Addiction Research. 2017. V. 23. № 5. P. 260–268. doi: 10.1159/000485182

7. Camacho Á., Cordero E.D., Perkins T. Psychometric properties of the DASS-21 among Latina/o college students by the US-Mexico border. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. 2016. V. 18. № 5. P. 1017–1023. doi: 10.1007/s10903-016-0415-1

8. Chakraborty R. Configural, metric and scalar invariance measurement of Academic Delay of Gratification Scale. International Journal of Humanities and Social Studies. 2017. V. 3. № 3. doi: 10.20908/ijarsijhss.v3i3.7903

9. Cheung G.W., Rensvold R.B. Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal. 2002. V. 9. № 2. P. 233–255. hdoi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.09.029.

10. Goli Z., Yanchik V., Torkaman Z. Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Russian version of the Pain Beliefs and Perceptions Inventory (R-PBPI) in patients with chronic pain. Current Psychology. 2015. V. 34. № 4. P. 772–780. doi: 10.1007/s12144-014-9289-3

11. Gundmundsson E. Guidelines for translating and adapting psychological instruments. Nordic Psychology. 2009. V. 61. № 2. P. 29–45. doi: 10.1027/1901-2276.61.2.29

12. Henrich J.F., Martin M. Altered attentional control linked to catastrophizing in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. British Journal of Health Psychology. 2018. V. 23. № 3. P. 612–629. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12307

13. Henry J., Crawford J.R. The short-form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21): construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2005. V. 44. P. 227–239. doi: 10.1348/014466505X29657

14. Horwitz A.V. Distinguishing distress from disorder as psychological outcomes of stressful social arrangements. Health (London). 2007. V. 11. № 3. P. 273–289. doi: 10.1177/1363459307077541

15. Hu L.T., Bentler P.M. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling. 1999. V. 6. № 1. P. 1–55. doi: 10.1080/10705519909540118

16. Lee D. The convergent, discriminant, and nomological validity of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21). Journal of Affective Disorders. 2019. V. 259. P. 136–142. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.06.036

17. Lovibond S.H., Lovibond P.F. Manual for the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales. Psychology Foundation, Sidney, NSW, 1995.

18. Medvedev O., Krägeloh C.U., Titkova E.A., Siegert R.J. Rasch analysis and ordinal-to-interval conversion tables for the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. Journal of Health Psychology. 2020. V. 25. № 10-11. P. 1374–1383. doi: 10.1177/1359105318755261

19. Parakh M., Ghosh D., Mehta V.S. Web based assessment: new avenues in psychological testing. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing. 2014. V. 5. № 4. P. 504–506.

20. Pfoh E., Chan K., Dinglas V.D., Cuthbertson B.H., Elliott D., Porter R., Bienvenu O.J., Hopkins R.O., Needham D.M. The SF-36 offers a strong measure of mental health symptoms in survivors of acute respiratory failure. A tri-national analysis. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2016. Vol. 13. № 8. P. 1343–1350. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201510-705OC

21. Phillips M.R. Is distress a symptom of mental disorders, a marker of impairment, both or neither?. World Psychiatry. 2009. V. 8. № 2. P. 91–92.

22. Ridner S.H. Psychological distress: concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2004. V. 45. № 5. P. 536–545. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02938.x

23. Scholten S., Velten J., Bieda A., Zhang X.C., Margraf J. Testing measurement invariance of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21) across four countries. Psychological Assessment. 2017. V. 29. № 11. P. 1376–1390. doi: 10.1037/pas0000440

24. Shaw T., Campbell M.A., Runions K.C., Zubrick S.R. Properties of the DASS-21 in an Australian community adolescent population. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2017. V. 73. № 7. P. 879–892. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22376

25. Taber K.S. The use of Cronbach’s alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Research in Science Education. 2018. V. 48. P. 1273–1296. doi: 10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2

26. Wang K.T., Sheveleva M.S., Permyakova T.M. Imposter syndrome among Russian students: the link between perfectionism and psychological distress. Personality and Individual Differences. 2019. V. 143. P. 1–16. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.005

27. Watson R., Gardiner E., Hogston R., Gibson H., Stimpson A., Wrate R., Deary I. A longitudinal study of stress and psychological distress in nurses and nursing students. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2009. V. 18. № 2. P. 270–278. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02555.x

28. Wheaton B. The twain meet: distress, disorder and the continuing conundrum of categories (comment on Horwitz). Health (London). 2007. V. 11. № 3. P. 303–319. doi: 10.1177/1363459307077545