Christian Churches and the Antiidentist Revolution

 
PIIS013122270016918-0-1
DOI10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-8-97-108
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Occupation: Leading Researcher, Head of the Center for Religious Studies; Deputy Executive Editor of the journal “Contemporary Europe”
Affiliation: Institute of Europe, Russian Academy of Sciences (IE RAS)
Address: Moscow, 11/3, Mokhovaya Str., Moscow, 125009, Russian Federation
Occupation: Senior Researcher, Head of the project “Encyclopedia of religious life in Russia Today”
Affiliation: Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (IOS RAS)
Address: 12, Rozhdestvenka Str., Moscow, 107031, Russian Federation
Journal nameMirovaia ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniia
EditionVolume 65 Issue 8
Pages97-108
Abstract

The article analyzes the ideological contradictions of liberal democracy, or neoliberalism (antiidentism), and traditionalism (identism) on the example of Christian churches. Antiindentism considers traditional religiosity to be hostile: it should be reformed to conform to neoliberal values, and it should be banished from public space. At the same time, antiidentism does not want to eliminate religion, because it is one of the identities that have to be redone like other human identites. The article examines anti-Christian movements (like the “Black Lives Matter”) as well as conservative and liberal movements within various confessions. The authors emphasize that the antiidentist demands are based on the Christian values of respect for any person, for women and men, regardless of anything, for humane methods of raising children, mercy for any categories of people, regardless of their sexual orientation, etc. On the other hand, the demands of antiidentists go far beyond Christian principles and even common sense (not to quote inconvenient passages of the Bible, to change the rules of church life and the appointment of clergy). The article proposes a classification of confessions by direction and by territorial feature, depending on specifics of divisions based on the attitude to antiidentism (American Churches, the Catholic Church, Lutherans and Anglicans as well as diversity of Orthodox churches that are also touched by the antiidentist wave). The authors conclude that the Christian churches, despite the existence of liberal factions, are primarily a traditionalist force in modern politics. Because of fundamental ideological differences, the consolidation of diverse Christian forces is a difficult task. However, there is some progress in this direction. Evangelicals, traditional Catholics, who make up the majority of the Catholic Church, as well as the majority of Orthodox Christians, are a serious political and, what perhaps more important, ideological force.

Keywordsliberal democracy, traditionalism, antitraditionalism, problems of indentity, Christianity, sexual morality, gender policy
Publication date24.09.2021
Number of characters43122
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1 Современная идеология либеральной демократии отождествляет себя с демократическими ценностями, представляет себя идеалом свободы и высочайшим достижением человечества. Внутренние и внешние кризисы, которые касаются стран либеральной демократии (США и Евросоюза), воспринимаются ими как прямая угроза “правильному” развитию общества. Подобные алармистские высказывания звучали в ходе миграционного кризиса, борьбы с популизмом и пандемией, противостояния сторонников и противников Трампа в США. С одной стороны, кризисы вызывают рост ксенофобии, расизма, антисемитизма, приводят к ограничениям прав личности. С другой стороны, идеологи либеральной демократии обеспокоены тем, что кризисы возвращают утерянную под давлением цензуры политкорректности свободу слова и ставят их программу под вопрос.
2 Либеральная демократия, или неолиберализм (новый либерализм, в отличие от классического), как всякая молодая идеология, провозгласившая себя единственно верной, не терпит, когда ей противоречат. Это касается понимания того, как в обществе должны воплощаться права и свободы человека в самых разных сферах. И тут возникают противоречия. Лучше всего существо этих противоречий можно проследить на примере религии и ее взаимоотношений с неолиберальным порядком.
3

Борьба с религией?

4 Религия стала полем боя, на котором идет борьба за формирование революционной идеологии антиидентизма – ключевого элемента нового либерализма. Антииндентизм не может принять традиционную религиозность – она ему враждебна. Среди приверженцев антиидентизма заметно шумное антирелигиозное, антихристианское течение. Сильнее всего оно проявило себя, осуждая миссионерскую деятельность христиан в Америке. К примеру, президент Мексики Андрес Мануэль Лопес Обрадор направил папе Римскому письмо с призывом к Римско-католической церкви принести извинения за угнетение и истребление коренных народов в период завоевания Мексики испанцами в начале XVI в. Письмо было опубликовано в Twitter Обрадора 10 октября 2020 г. и в бумажном виде было передано Папе Римскому супругой президента Мексики в ходе личной встречи. В этот же день власти Мехико приняли решение о демонтаже памятника Христофору Колумбу. Президент отметил, что католическая церковь, испанская монархия и правительство Мексики должны принести публичные извинения за те кровавые бесчинства, жертвами которых стали коренные народы Мексики 500 лет назад: “Они заслуживают не только великодушного отношения с нашей стороны, но также искренних обязательств, что никогда больше неуважительные деяния не будут совершаться в отношении их верований и культуры” [1]. Таким образом, руководство страны выразило сожаление, что народы Мексики более не разделяют языческих верований с их массовыми человеческими жертвоприношениями и освящением рабовладения. Еще раньше, весной 2020 г. движение BLM (Black Lives Matter) в Калифорнии начало сносить памятники апостолу Калифорнии святому Хуниперо Серра. 27 июня 2020 г. активисты в США напали и избили палками католиков, которые собрались на молитву, чтобы защитить памятник королю святому Людовику IX в Форест-парке г. Сент-Луис, шт. Миссури (Сент-Луис был основан французами и назван в честь св. Луи). Зачинщиком этой акции стал политический активист Умар Ли, который опубликовал в своем Twitter призыв прийти к памятнику, чтобы “остановить ненависть и расизм в Форест-парке” [2]. С середины лета 2020 г. начались уничтожения не только памятников святым, но и статуй Богородице и Иисусу, поджоги и погромы церквей.

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