Digital Economy and a New Paradigm of the Labor Market

 
PIIS013122270003687-6-1
DOI
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Affiliation: Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO)
Address: Moscow, Russian Federation
Journal nameMirovaia ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniia
EditionVolume 62 Issue 12
Pages35-45
Abstract

The article attempts to understand the phenomenon of digitalization of the economy from the viewpoint of its social consequences. The author educes interrelations between a technological progress and processes occurring in the social and labor sphere in their inseparable unity, assesses their impact on the quality of working life and the prospects for development of the social sphere under new conditions. Analyzing the development logic of digital economy, which found its physical expression in digital platforms, the author gives distinctive examples of transformation specific for separate sectors of economy in various world regions. This generates a new economic reality, creating new areas: the economy on demand, gig-economy, network economy, sharing economy, joint consumption economy. The author notes that the digital economy has emerged as a way of interaction between economic agents with regard to economic growth. Limited possibilities for further extensive development of markets determine the fact that nowadays only those innovations are recognized which lead to cost savings. The digital economy technologies provide a manufacturer who produces goods “on demand” with opportunities for a significant reduction in costs. Under conditions that allow the extensive use of foreign resources in terms of outsourcing, these goods are not targeted at the mass consumer. From the social point of view, the main “side effect” of the massive use of digital platforms is a reduction in the demand for labor from a hightech economy. As a result, labor markets of almost all countries are under serious pressure due to underutilization of human capital, owing not only to the rise of unemployment, but also to the widespread of underemployment. The author concludes: the digital economy is not merely the use of new technologies that enhance the efficiency of previous business processes, but rather an entirety of system changes. They form qualitatively new principles for organization of a separate business, the economy, and society as a whole, transforming social relations through a change of the social and labor sphere.

Keywordsdigital economy, platform employment, gig-economy, sharing economy, labor market, employment, unmanned technologies, labor relations.
Received11.01.2019
Publication date14.01.2019
Cite   Download pdf To download PDF you should sign in
Размещенный ниже текст является ознакомительной версией и может не соответствовать печатной

views: 3250

Readers community rating: votes 0

1. Negroponte N. Being Digital. New York, Knopf, 1995. 256 p.

2. Sukhova S. Gonka za “tsifroj”. Spasut li nadezhdy na tsifrovizatsiyu rossijskij biznes. Available at: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3356236 (accessed 17.09.2017).

3. Pravitel'stvo Rossijskoj Federatsii. Rasporyazhenie ot 28 iyulya 2017 g. № 1632-r. Available at: http://static.government.ru/media/files/9gFM4FHj4PsB79I5v7yLVuPgu4bvR7M0.pdf (accessed 11.12.2017).

4. Castells M. The Information Age. Economy, Society, and Culture. Vol. I: The Rise of the Network Society. Oxford, WileyBlackwell, 2010. 625 r.

5. Vajpan V.A. Osnovy pravovogo regulirovaniya tsifrovoj ehkonomiki. Available at: http://xn--7sbbaj7auwnffhk.xn-p1ai/article/26874 (accessed 20.03.2018).

6. Tsifrovizatsiya ehkonomiki. Available at: http://bit.samag.ru/uart/more/67 (assessed 30.10.2017).

7. Suri R. It’s About Time: The Competitive Advantage of Quick Response Manufacturing. New York, Productivity Press. 2010. 228 p.

8. Suri R. Quick Response Manufacturing: A Companywide Approach to Reducing Lead Times. Portland, Productivity Press, 1998. 576 p.

9. Technology Vision 2016. Available at: https://www.accenture.com/ru-ru/company-news-release-techvision-2016 (assessed 30.10.2017).

10. Bögenhold D., Klinglmair R., Kandutsch F. Solo Self-Employment, Human Capital and Hybrid Labour in the Gig Economy. Foresight and STI Governance, 2017, vol. 11, no. 4, pr. 23-32. DOI: 10.17323/2500-2597.2017.4.23.32

11. Novaya tekhnologicheskaya revolyutsiya: vyzovy i vozmozhnosti dlya Rossii. Ehkspertno-analiticheskij doklad TsSR. Moskva, Tsentr strategicheskikh razrabotok, 2017. 136 s.

12. French L. Sharing Economy Shakes up Traditional Business Models. Available at: https://www.theneweconomy.com/ business/the-sharing-economy-shakes-up-traditional-business-models (accessed 12.04.2018).

13. Kwork – udobnyj magazin frilans-uslug. Available at: https://kwork.ru (accessed 12.04.2018).

14. McKinsey Global Institute Report. A Labor Market that Works: Connecting Talent with Opportunity in the Digital Age. Available at: https://www.mckinsey.com/global-themes/employment-and-growth/technology-jobs-and-the-future-of-work (accessed 14.07.2017).

15. Artificial Intelligence Powered by Human Intelligence. Available at: https://www.samasource.org/ (assessed 30.10.2017).

16. Doklad Vsemirnogo banka “Tsifrovye dividendy”. Available at: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/224721467988878739/pdf/102724-WDR-WDR2016Overview-RUSSIANWebRes-Box-394840B-OUO-9.pdf (accessed 07.11.2017).

17. Bruns B., Luque J. Great Teachers. How to Raise Student Learning in Latin America and the Caribbean. World Bank Group. Washington, D.C., 2014. Available at: http://www.worldbank.org/content/dam/Worldbank/document/LAC/Great_Teachers-How_to_Raise_Student_Learning-Barbara-Bruns-Advance%20Edition.pdf (accessed 11.12.2017).

18. The Emerging Platform Economy. Available at: https://www.thecge.net/category/research/the-emerging-platformeconomy/ (accessed 23.11.2017).

19. Botsman R., Rogers R. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative Consumption. New York, Harper Business, 2010. 304 p.

20. Manukov S. Kogda innovatsii ni k chemu ne privodyat. Ehkspert online, 17.10.2017. Available at: http://expert.ru/2017/10/17/pochemu-innovatsii-ni-k-chemu-ne-privodyat/ (accessed 15.01.2018).

21. Workforce of the Future. The Competing Forces Shaping 2030. Available at: https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/services/peopleorganisation/workforce-of-the-future/workforce-of-the-future-the-competing-forces-shaping-2030-pwc.pdf (accessed 16.10.2017).

22. Sadovaya E.S. Mezhdunarodnye standarty v sfere truda: instituty i mekhanizmy realizatsii (opyt razvitykh stran i Rossii). Moskva, IMEhMO RAN, 2013. 205 s. ISBN 978-5-9535-0388-4

23. Deloitte. Global Human Capital Trends 2018. The Workforce Ecosystem: Managing beyond the Enterprise. Available at: https://www2.deloitte.com/insights/us/en/focus/human-capital-trends/2018/contingent-workforce-management.html (accessed 02.05.2018).

24. Matthews B. Freelance Statistics: The Freelance Economy in Numbers. Available at: www.benmatthews.com (accessed 08.01.2017).

25. Pofeldt E. Shocker: 40% of Workers Now Have ‘Contingent’ Jobs, Says U.S. Government. Forbes, 25.05.2015. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/elainepofeldt/2015/05/25/shocker-40-of-workers-now-have-contingent-jobs-says-u-sgovernment/#5aeacc9e14be (accessed 13.04.2018).

26. Kapustin A. Didzhitalizatsiya: kak trebovatel'nye klienty delayut banki luchshe. Forbes, 06.07.2017. Available at http://www.forbes.ru/finansy-i-investicii/347429-didzhitalizaciya-kaktrebovatelnye-klienty-delayut-banki-luchshe (accessed 18.05.2018).

27. Digital Economy & Society in the EU. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/infographs/ict/2018/index.html (accessed 22.04.2018).

28. Milanovic B. The Haves and the Have-nots: A Brief and Idiosyncratic History of Global Inequality. New York, Basic Books, 2011. 280 p.

29. Piketty T. Le capital au KhKhI siècle. Paris, Seuil, 2013. 86 p.

30. World Bank. “Overview” in World Development Report 2012: Gender Equality and Development. Washington, D.C., 2012. 40 p.

31. Basic income. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_income (accessed 22.04.2018).

Система Orphus

Loading...
Up