All
 
|
 
 


Internet stylistics. Pragmatic aspect
 
PIIS294939000028976-2-1
DOI10.18254/S294939000028976-2
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Natalia Klushina 
Affiliation: Moscow State University
Address: Moscow, Russian Federation
Anastasija Nikolaeva
Affiliation: Московский государственный университет
Address: Russia
Maria Vasilchenko
Affiliation:
Moscow State University
Pushkin State Institute of Russian Language
Address: Moscow, Russian Federation
Journal nameLinguistica Fundamentalis
EditionIssue 2 (2)
Abstract

This paper provides a comparative analysis of the patterns of formation and qualities of a modern linear text and an Internet text. The article is the result of the study of Internet text stylistics, based mainly on Russian-language texts from Russia and Ukraine. The paper considers the process of formation of a new type of text - the Internet text. Being essentially different from the classical linear text, the Internet text does not lend itself well to the description based on the classical text theory. Thus, the Internet text is not complete, vectorial, not united by the completeness of thought expression. An important characteristic of the Internet text is its interactivity, which means that the roles of addressee and addressee are constantly changing. In addition, it is difficult, or even impossible, to define the boundaries of the Internet text due to its hypertextuality, which has become habitual intertextuality. All the above-mentioned aspects make up the pragmatics of the Internet text as a subspecies of the media text.

Another crucial problem addressed in the paper is the study of the regularities of Internet communication in general and the stylistics of the Internet text. In the course of the research it became obvious that speech aggression and violation of norms of speech culture are stylistic dominants of online communication. This influenced the formation of other stylistic dominants such as, hate speech, fake, hype, clickbait, etc. Internet style is clearly characterized by being provocative, aggressive, hostile. The problems of bullying, humiliation of human dignity, invective and obscenity are actively studied from the standpoint of linguoecology, because, according to most researchers, the constant neglect of communicative and linguistic norms leads to the degradation of the national language style and literary norms. Despite the fact that there is still a division between public and interpersonal online communication, i.e. formal and informal, the problems of speech behavior of Internet users are becoming increasingly relevant.

KeywordsInternet communications, Internet stylistics, clickbait, hype, language of hate
Received08.12.2023
Publication date08.12.2023
Number of characters35364
Cite   Download pdf To download PDF you should sign in
100 rub.
When subscribing to an article or issue, the user can download PDF, evaluate the publication or contact the author. Need to register.

Table of contents

Background
Pragmatic aspect of Internet stylistics and the formation of a new type of text
Pragmatic effects of Internet communication
1

Background
2 With the arrival of the Internet and the development of digital technologies new opportunities and new ways of mass, group and interpersonal communication became possible. The phenomenon of Internet communication attracts attention of researchers from different fields of humanities. There are philosophical, sociological, political and other studies on the Internet and virtual networks society (see [Bell, 1999; Castells, 2004; Rashkoff, 2003; Webster, 2004; Silverstone, 2006; Deleuze, 2007; Machleder, 2011] etc.). These and other studies analyze the impact of the internet on modern society, on the psychology, which provides a basis for their further exploration by the social sciences.
3

In linguistics and stylistics the phenomenon of the Internet is far from being fully examined, although there is a massive amount of studies done both by foreign (D. Crystal, B. Tošović, E. I. Goroshko, etc.) and Russian researchers (S. F. Barysheva, E. V. Gorina, M.V. Ivanova, L.T. Kasperova, N.I. Klushina, T.I. Kolokoltseva, M.A. Krongauz, A.V. Nikolaeva, L.N. Sinelnikova, N.V. Smirnova, etc.), who are actively engaged in this area.
4 Various Internet genres are described in detail in modern linguistics (M.V. Ivanova, L.T. Kasperova, N.I. Klushina, N.V. Smirnova, etc.), although so far there’s still no complete typology of genres. The scholars thoroughly study word-formative neologisms evolving in Internet communication (S.V. Ilyasova, L.V. Ratsiburskaya, E.V. Shchennikova, etc.). Special attention is paid to the problems of ecolinguistics which directly relates to the development of digital technologies. These include such issues as verbal aggression, trolling, cyber-bullying and others (A. Negryshev, A. Nikolaeva, L. Sinelnikova, etc.). The detailed in-depth studies analyze language trends in Internet communication, such as: word-formation innovations, the nature of oral and written communication, dialogue, colloquialization of communication, expressiveness, coarsening and rudeness of speech on the Internet (see [Internet Communication as a New Speech Formation, 2012]) and several other works. Defended Ph.D. and doctoral theses on the Internet (see [Patrusheva, 2015; Kushakova, 2016; Gorina, 2016] and some other works).
5 Thus, we can highlight three periods in modern scientific coverage of the Internet, which have influenced the formation and development of Internet linguistics. The first period is a philosophical PERCEPTION of the Internet phenomenon as a new form of social life, which eventually forms a new digital society and a new digital public mentality. The second period is the accumulation of knowledge about changes in mass, group and interpersonal communication influenced by Internet technologies. Finally, the third period is a description of the contemporary state of language on the Internet.
6 Complex research based on methodology derived from various sciences is necessary, because the problem of defining Internet communication is that it is fragmented and not unified. For example, only separate layers of Internet communication are studied by the systemic approach. The most fully researched and described layers are word-formation and vocabulary, in particular, words derived from foreign languages and neologisms. The phraseological layer (Internet phraseology / network phraseology) hasn’t yet been studied. Moreover, the research into the phonetic, syntactic and even textual layers is still not sufficient. In addition, a typology of network genres has not been formed yet [Barysheva, 2015]. It is necessary to study the Internet language based on the insights of cognitive linguistics and using its scientific tools and approaches. A comparative method, in which classical linear texts and hypertext can be compared, can yield interesting results. In other words, it is time to move from collecting random data to complex descriptions and building consistent linguistic concepts [Dobrosklonskaya, 2008].
7 Factually, stylistics is the most developed and advanced discipline for this purpose. It has developed an established research area – Internet stylistics, which focuses on internet texts.
8

We associate the start of Internet stylistics with the publication of the monograph “Internet stylistics” by an Austrian researcher Branko Tošović, who is a member of the Stylistic Commission of the International Committee of Slavists (under the auspices of UNESCO) [Tošović, 2015]. He is also the author of a conceptual study “The structure of Internet stylistics” [Tošović, 2018a].
9 Internet-stylistics is presented as a systemic description of functional styles on the Internet and the changes caused by features of online communication in each layer of those styles.
10 Internet-stylistics is presented as a development of functional styles in a new extra-linguistic environment, recording changes in language and style of the new form of communication. However, functional Internet style as a special style is still debatable in modern functional stylistics.

views: 53

Readers community rating: votes 0 

1. Barysheva S.F., Kasperova L.T., Klushina N.I., Selezneva L.V., Smirnova N.V. Zhanrovoe svoeobrazie internet-kommunikatsii [Genre Singularity of Internet Communication]. Filologiya i chelovek. 2015. N 4, pp. 121-130.
2. Bell D. Gryaduschee postindustrial'noe obschestvo [The Coming Post-Industrial Society], transl. form English and ed. by V.L. Inozemtsev. Moscow: Academia Publ., 1999.
3. Brett T. Guide to Memes: a User's Guide to Viruses of Consciousness. URL: http://asocial.narod.ru/  material/memes.html/ (date of access: 22.06.2019).
4. Castells M. Galaktika Internet: razmyshleniya ob Internete, biznese i obschestve [Internet Galaxy: Reflections on the Internet, Business and Society], transl. from English A. Matveev, ed. by V. Kharitonov. Ekaterinburg: U-Faktoriya Publ., 2004.
5. Goroshko E.I. Sovremennye internet-kommunikatsii: struktura i osnovnye kharakteristiki [Modern Internet Communications: Structure and Main Characteristics]. In: Internet-kommunikatsiya kak novaya rechevaya formatsiya [Internet Communication as a New Speech Formation], ed. by T.N. Kolokol'tseva, O.V. Lutovinova. M.: Flinta Publ., 2012, pp. 9-52.
6. Dawkins R. Ehgoistichnyj gen [The Selfish Gene], transl. from English N.O. Fomina. Moscow: Mir Publ., 1993.
7. Delez Zh., Gvattari F. Anti-Ehdip. Kapitalizm i shizofreniya [Anti-Oedipus. Capitalism and Schizophrenia], transl. from French D. Kralechkin. Ekaterinburg: U-Faktoriya Publ., 2007.
8. Dobrosklonskaya T.G. Medialingvistika: sistemnyj podkhod k izucheniyu yazyka SMI (sovremennaya anglijskaya mediarech') [Medialingvistics: a Systematic Approach to the Study of Media Language (contemporary English media speech)]. Moscow: Flinta Publ., 2008.
9. Dubrovskij D.V., Karpenko O.V. Yazyk vrazhdy v russkoyazychnom Internete: materialy issledovaniya po opoznavaniyu tekstov [Language of Hostility in Russian-language Internet: Materials of Research on the Identification of Hate Texts]. Saint-Petersburg: European University Publ., 2003.
10. Efanov A.A. «Khajpy» v sovremennom pole media [“Hypes” in the Modern Media Field]. In: Znak: problemnoe pole mediaobrazovaniya. 2018. N 1 (27), pp. 63-69.
11. Gorina E.V. Konstituiruyuschie priznaki diskursa Interneta: diss. … d-ra filol. nauk [Constituent Features of Internet Discourse: Diss. ... DSc, Phylology]. Ural'skij federal'nyj. Ekaterinburg: Ural Federal University, 2016
12. Internet-kommunikatsiya kak novaya rechevaya formatsiya [Internet Communication as a New Speech Formation], ed. by T.N. Kolokol'tseva, O.V. Lutovinova. Moscow: Flinta Publ., 2012.
13. Kazak M.Yu. Spetsifika sovremennogo mediateksta [Specificity of Modern Media-text]. In: Sovremennyj diskurs-analiz. 2012. N 1 (6), pp. 30-41.
14. Klushina N. I. Genre Aspect of Internet Communication. In Multimedia stylistics. Vol. 1 of Slovenska stylistika. Baњaluka, 2018a, pp. 61-68.
15. Klushina N. I. Internet-communication and its Effects. In Interaktion von Internet und Stilistik, Internet und Style, pub. by B. Tošović, A. Wonisch, Institut für Slawistik der Karl-Franzens-Universit?t Graz, 2016, pp. 111-116.
16. Klushina N.I. Mediastilistika [Mediastylistics]. Moscow: Flinta Publ., 2018c.
17. Klushina N.I., Nikolaeva A.V. Stilistika internet-teksta [Stylistics of the Internet Text]. Moscow: Ehditus Publ., 2019.
18. Klushina N.I., Ivanova M.V. Transformatsiya medijnykh zhanrov v kommunikativnom prostranstve interneta [Transformation of Media Genres in the Communicative Space of the Internet]. In: Vestnik Rossijskogo fonda fundamental'nykh issledovanij [Bulletin of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. Humanities and social sciences]. 2017. N 3 (88), pp. 121-129.
19. Klushina N.I. Yazyk tsifrovoj ehpokhi [Language of the Digital Era]. In: Aktual'nye problemy stilistiki. 2018b. N 4, pp. 28-31.
20. Kushakova N.O. Diskursivnyj analiz sms-oposredovannoj kommunikatsii: diss. … kand. filol. nauk [Discursive Analysis of Sms-mediated Communication: Diss. ... PhD, Phylology]. Omsk: Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk State Pedagogical University, Omsk Humanitarian Academy, 2016
21. Machleder J., Asmolov G. Social Change and the Russian Network Society: Redefining Development Priorities in New Information Environments. August 2011. URL: https://internews.org/wp-content/uploads/legacy/resources/Internews_Research_RussiaNetworkSociety1.pdf  (date of access: 01.11.2023).
22. Multimediјalna stilistika [Multimedia Stylistics], ed. by D. Dojchinovih, G. Milashin. Baњaluka: Matitsa srpska, 2018. (In Serbian)
23. Nikolaeva A.V. Internet-tekst kak novyj vid kommunikatsii [Internet-text as a New Type of Communication]. In: Russkaya rech'. 2016. N 3, pp. 46-50.
24. Nikolaeva A.V. Klikbejt v SMI [Clickbait in the Media]. In: Russkaya rech'. 2018. N 3, pp. 43-47.
25. Nikolaeva A.V. Yazykovye osobennosti fejkovykh publikatsij [Linguistic Features of Fake Publications]. In:  Verkhnevolzhskij filologicheskij vestnik. 2019. N 3 (18), pp. 55-59.
26. Patrusheva L.S. Forum kak rechevoj zhanr internet-diskursa: diss. … kand. filol. nauk [Forum as a Speech Genre of the Internet-discourse: Diss. ... PhD, Phylology]. Izhevsk: Udmurt State University, 2015
27. Rashkoff D. Media-virus!: Kak pop-kul'tura tajno vozdejstvuet na vashe soznanie [Media-virus!: How Pop-Culture Secretly Influences your Consciousness], transl. from English D. Borisov. Moscow: Ul'tra-kul'tura Publ., 2003.
28. Silverstone R. Media and Morality: on the Rise of the Mediapolis. Sambridge: Polity Press, 2006.
29. Sinel'nikova L.N. Diskurs trollinga – kommunikatsiya bez tabu [Discourse of Trolling – Communication without Taboos]. In: Aktual'nye problemy stilistiki. 2016. N 2, pp. 139-148.
30. Tošović B. Generatorska lingvistika [Generative Linguistics]. Beograd: Svet knjigi, 2018b. (In Serbian).
31. Tošović B. Internet-stilistika [Internet Stylistics]. Moscow: Flinta Publ., Nauka Publ., 2015.
32. Tošović B. Struktura internet-stilistiki [The Structure of Internet Stylistics]. Moscow: Flinta, 2018a.
33. Webster F. Teorii informatsionnogo obschestva [Theory of the Information Society], transl. from English M.V. Arapov, N.V. Malykhina; ed. by E.L. Vartanova. M.: Aspekt Press Publ., 2004
34. Yakobson R. O. Lingvistika i poehtika [Linguistics and Poetics], red. and transl. I. A. Mel'chuk // Strukturalizm: «za» i «protiv»: Sbornik statej [Structuralism: “for” and “against”: collection of articles]. Moscow: Progress Publ., 1975, pp. 193-230.
35. Yazyk moj … Problema ehtnicheskoj i religioznoj neterpimosti v rossijskikh SMI [My language … The Problem of Ethnic and Religious Intolerance in Russian Mass Media], comp. by A.M. Verkhovskij. M.: ROO «Tsentr “Panorama”» Publ., 2002.

Система Orphus

Loading...
Up