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Latin America in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Social and political aspects. Case of Ecuador
 
PIIS0044748X0013516-6-1
DOI10.31857/S0044748X0013516-6
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Arkadiy Eremin 
Occupation: Senior lecturer
Affiliation: People's Friendship University of Russia (RUDN)
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Vinicio Xavier Medina Gonzalez
Occupation: Adjunct Lecturer of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations
Affiliation: People's Friendship University of Russia
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameLatin America
EditionIssue 3
Pages20-32
Abstract

The article examines the changes in the countries of Latin America that have occurred as a result of the spread of the new coronavirus SARS-Cov-2, including the example of Ecuador. In this paper authors provide general key characteristics of the development of the pandemic in the Latin American region. The research focuses on economic and social consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic: an increase in the level of poverty; rising social inequality; growth of external debt; increasing unemployment (mostly among the youth); reduction or elimination of small and mediumsized businesses; growth of social tensions. These consequences are especially noticeable today for Ecuador, where the level of official unemployment alone has reached 13.3% since May 2020, and where up to 80% of small and medium businesses were closed, especially in the tourism sector and manufacturing industry. It is concluded that in addition to the social and economic consequences, a crisis of political systems has occurred in a number of countries in the Latin American region. For Ecuador, which has been seriously affected by the COVID-2019 pandemic, political tension is also related to the fact that in 2021 the country will hold elections for the President of the Republic, whose leadership has been voiced by most of the citizens in recent years. The authors used such methods as analysis and synthesis, statistical method, and system analysis.

KeywordsCOVID-19 pandemic, Latin American region, political crisis, social tension, Ecuador, power crisis, economic and social consequences of the pandemic
Received03.10.2020
Publication date04.03.2021
Number of characters31344
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