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“Tatba” as a type of crime in Russian criminal law of the Middle Ages
 
PIIS160565900031563-3-1
DOI10.61205/S160565900031563-3
Publication type Article
Status Approved
Authors
Evgenii Shatalov 
Occupation: Associate Professor
Affiliation: Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies
Address: Novosibirsk, Plahotnogo, 10, Новосибирск ул. Плахотного 10
Abstract

Annotation. Based on the analysis of a wide range of sources, namely chronicles, medieval monuments of canon law, princely legislation, reference literature on the Old Russian and Church Slavonic languages, an attempt is made to take a fresh look at the concept and nature of such a crime as “tatba”.

           Using extensive research material, the author in this article makes an attempt to rethink the rather narrow view that has been established in Russian historical and legal science regarding “theft” as a crime aimed at secretly stealing someone else’s property.

            The given vector of research is focused on a substantive and detailed consideration of the concept, characteristics, nature, and types of such a crime as “theft.”

            The article uses general research methods: dialectics, metaphysics, general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, as well as the cultural-historical method, uses the historical interpretation of the content of legal norms, the comparative method, which together make it possible to more effectively and comprehensively study the semantics of the term “tatba” ", the process of its evolution in Russian criminal legislation of the Middle Ages.

            As a result of the study, a characteristic is given and the author’s position is expressed regarding the crime under consideration. Conclusions have been drawn and argued that in domestic legal monuments this legal term in certain periods of history denoted a fairly wide number of criminal offenses that had varying degrees of public danger. An additional element of the study is the analysis of certain types of crime, namely “horse crime”, “church crime” and of course “Crime crime”, which have been the subject of heated debate for several generations of domestic scientists.

KeywordsKeywords. Tatba, thief, robbery, robbery, theft, medieval criminal law, theoretical and methodological issues, domestic historical and legal science.
AcknowledgmentPrivate
Received09.07.2024
100 rub.
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