The article “Charity work of Prince P. G. of Oldenburg and members of his family” examines the exceptional scale of charitable activities of Prince P. G. Oldenburg and his family members in such important social spheres of life as education (higher, primary, professional, women's), health care, care for orphans, the sick and the elderly, which made up an entire epoch in the history of charity in Russia in the 19th — early 20th centuries on the base of archival and documentary sources. The author explores a new area of charitable activities of Oldenburg — research funding in biology and medicine: the discovery of Pasteur station, the Foundation by Prince A. P. Oldenburgsky of the first Russian complex scientific institution for the development of fundamental medico-biological problems — of the Imperial Institute of experimental medicine, which became the birth cradle of the first Russian Nobel laureate in physiology I. P. Pavlov.