The level of the World Ocean and International Law

Occupation: Principal research fellow, sector of International Law of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Affiliation: The Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow

Journal name

Gosudarstvo i pravo

Edition

Issue 9

Pages

172-179

Abstract

As a result of the work of the Third UN Conference on the Law of the Sea, which adopted the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, a single international legal order was established in the oceans covering 2/3 of our planet and approved by virtually all States. An important part of it is the procedure for allocating from the common space of the World Ocean part of the waters and the bottom, lawfully subject to the jurisdiction of coastal States. With the warming of the climate on Earth, the water level of the World's oceans began to rise, and the established limits of the zones of jurisdiction are violated. Currently, two ideas have been formed for determining the limits of national jurisdiction: to fix the baseline for measuring zones of jurisdiction; to establish a fixed external limit of such zones. The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea is universally recognized and is not disputed by anyone.

Keywords

Third UN Conference on the Law of the Sea, UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, World Ocean, zones of national jurisdiction, climate warming, sea level rise, Pacific States, archipelagic States, international maritime law, baselines

Received

18.04.2023

Publication date

29.09.2023

Number of characters

28586

Cite

GOST	Shinkaretskaya G. The level of the World Ocean and International Law // Gosudarstvo i pravo – 2023. – Issue 9 C. 172-179 [Electronic resource]. URL: https://gospravo-journal.ru/S102694520027738-2-1 (circulation date: 19.02.2025). DOI: 10.31857/S102694520027738-2
MLA	Shinkaretskaya, Galina G "The level of the World Ocean and International Law." Gosudarstvo i pravo 9 (2023):172-179. DOI: 10.31857/S102694520027738-2
APA	Shinkaretskaya G. (2023). The level of the World Ocean and International Law. Gosudarstvo i pravo (9), pp.172-179 DOI: 10.31857/S102694520027738-2

100 rub.

When subscribing to an article or issue, the user can download PDF, evaluate the publication or contact the author. Need to register.

Number of purchasers: 0, views: 336

Readers community rating: votes 0

1. Velyaminov G.M., Krylov N.B., Shinkaretskaya G.G. The fate of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea // Proceedings of the IGP RAS. 2022. Vol. 17. No. 5. P. 128 - 148. DPI: 10.35427/2073-4522-2022- 17-5- velyaminov-krylov-shinkaretskaya (in Russ.).

2. Garaev M.I. International border disputes on maritime delimitation in the practice of the International Court of Justice of the United Nations // Herald of Economics, Law and Sociology. 2019. No. 1. P. 65 (in Russ.).

3. Glumov A.I. Current international legal issues of prospecting, exploration and development of mineral resources of the International Seabed area: abstract ... PhD in Law. M., 2010. P. 12 (in Russ.).

4. The World Ocean and International Law. Fundamentals of modern law and order in the World Ocean / res. ed. A.P. Movchan, A. Yankov. M., 1986. P. 12–37 (in Russ.).

5. Shinkaretskaya G.G. Raising the level of the Arctic Ocean and the problem of delimitation of zones of jurisdiction of Arctic states // Education and Law. 2022. No. 9. P. 333 - 341. DOI: 10.24412/2076-1503-2022-9-333-341 (in Russ.).

6. Caron D.D. When Law Makes Climate Change Worse: Rethinking the Law of Baselines in Light of Rising Sea Level // Ecology Law Quarterly. 1998. Vol. 17. P. 621.

7. Frowein J. Rocks, New-born Islands, Sea Level Rise and Maritime Space // Frowein J. et al. (eds). Negotiating For Peace – Liber Amicorum Tono Eitel (Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer, 2003). P. 599, 602.

8. Nichols R. et al. ‘Sea-level Rise and Its Possible Impacts Given a “Beyond 4 C World” in the Twenty-First Century’, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society–A, 369 (2011), 161–181.

9. Rayfuse R. Sea Level Rise and Maritime Zones: Preserving the Entitlements of “Disappearing” States // Gerrard M.B., Wannier G.E. Threatened Island Nations: Legal Implications of Rising Seas and a Changing Climate (Cambridge University Press, 2013). P. 167– 191.

10. Schofield Ch. Defining the “Boundary” between Land and Sea: Territorial Sea Baselines in the South China Sea // R. Beckman, M.R. Page, Bernard L. (eds). UNCLOS and the South China Sea, 2014. Р. 21–54.

11. Soons A.H.A. The Effects of a Rising Sea Level on Maritime Limits and Boundaries // Netherlands International Law Review. 1990. Vol. 37. P. 207–232.