Saudi Arabia. Salman bin Abdulaziz and Mohammed bin Salman

Occupation: President Emeritus of IAS RAS
Affiliation:
Institute for African Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (IAS RAS)
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
Address: Moscow, 30/1, Spiridonovka Str., Moscow, 123001, Russian Federation

Journal name

Asia and Africa Today

Edition

Issue 3

Pages

5-20

Abstract

Salman bin Abdulaziz who ascended the throne of Saudi Arabia in 2015 faced the challenge of abandoning the feudal pyramid and establishing a new power vertical. Volatility in oil prices and falling budget revenues posed a threat to social stability. Additional drivers of instability were the military involvement in the civil war in Yemen, Sunni-Shiite contradictions in the Eastern Province, and tensions with Qatar.

In 2016, the Vision 2030 program, which entailed profound reforms, was adopted. It suggested the IPO of Saudi ARAMCO, the development of non-oil sectors, in particular tourism, the accelerated expansion of the private sector, labor market reforms, including greater women’s participation in labor force, and weakening the conservative control of the Wahhabi corporation over society.

The first stage of the implementation of Vision 2030 provided for the expansion of cooperation with the United States, especially after the administration of D.Trump came into office, and for more political interaction with Washington, but at the same time encouraged the development of mutually beneficial ties with Russia.

Inside the kingdom, the course of reforms drew both the support of a part of society interested in their implementation as it understood the urgency of significant changes, and the opposition of another part that aimed at protecting its privileges and maintaining strict Wahhabi traditions. Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman became the personification of the new course.

Keywords

King Salman, Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, reforms in Saudi Arabia, Vision 2030, power and opposition in Saudi Arabia, Saudi-American relations

Acknowledgment

This paper has been funded by RNF 19-18-00155-П “Islamist Extremism in the Context of International Security: Threats to Russia and Possibilities of Counteraction”.

Publication date

30.03.2023

Number of characters

58694

Cite

GOST	Vasiliev A. Saudi Arabia. Salman bin Abdulaziz and Mohammed bin Salman // Asia and Africa Today – 2023. – Issue 3 C. 5-20 [Electronic resource]. URL: https://asaf-today.ru/S032150750024989-9-1 (circulation date: 02.05.2024). DOI: 10.31857/S032150750024989-9
MLA	Vasiliev, Aleksei M "Saudi Arabia. Salman bin Abdulaziz and Mohammed bin Salman ." Asia and Africa Today 3 (2023):5-20. DOI: 10.31857/S032150750024989-9
APA	Vasiliev A. (2023). Saudi Arabia. Salman bin Abdulaziz and Mohammed bin Salman . Asia and Africa Today (3), pp.5-20 DOI: 10.31857/S032150750024989-9

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