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The Republic of Korea. The second demographic transition: features and results
 
PIIS032150750003342-8-1
DOI10.31857/S032150750003342-8
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Pavel P. Em 
Affiliation:
Post-doctoral Research Fellow, Centre de Recherches sur la Corée, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), Paris
Research Fellow, Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameAsia and Africa Today
EditionIssue 1
Pages38-45
Abstract

Demography is one of the most serious problems in the modern Republic of Korea. A fast quantum leap from an agrarian to an urban post-industrial society was the root of radical transformation not only in demographic behavior, but also in patterns of public principles. While a gradual involvement of women’s labor into the economy and a rise in the rate of women with at least four years of university education has caused a rapid decrease in the total fertility rate, the male population, especially those residing in rural and economically depressed areas, have been forced to marry foreign women as they were unable to find a Korean wife. Such features characterizing contemporary society in the Republic of Korea as rapid growth in the rate of unregistered common-law marriages along with a corresponding increase in the average age of the first marriage and birth of the first child emerged at the beginning of the 1990s, marking the advent of Korea’s second demographic transition. On the one hand, it has produced the sampo feminist movement, those who wish to be independent and abstain from marriage, childbirth and any relationships with men. On the other hand, there are many young people in their thirties and even forties, blandly called the kangaroo generation, who are still dependent upon and live with their parents. The further development of the second demographic transition could lead to acceleration in the already high rate of population aging and natural loss. Urbanization has played an important role in demographic behavioral development as all of the new trends first manifested themselves within Seoul and the huge urban agglomeration formed around it.

KeywordsRepublic of Korea, second demographic transition, demographic problems, sampo generation, kangaroo generation, urbanization, Seoul agglomeration
AcknowledgmentThis article was prepared with the financial support of the Korea Foundation.
Publication date21.03.2019
Number of characters25899
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