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Legal Aspects of Enforcing the Rights of Gas Pipeline Title Owners When Performing Works on Land Plots Owned by Others
 
PIIS231243500026193-0-1
DOI10.18254/S231243500026193-0
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Roman G. Tsyganovsky 
Occupation: Category 2 Legal Counsel at Gazprom Transgaz Saratov Limited Liability Company
Affiliation: Gazprom Transgaz Saratov Limited Liability Company
Address: Russian Federation, Saratov
Journal nameEnergy law forum
EditionIssue 2
Pages69-78
Abstract

This article is dedicated to a complex study of the issues of protection of rights of title gas pipeline holders (gas pipeline owners and gas pipeline operating companies) in performance of engineering works on gas transmission network sections located within the boundaries of land plots owned by others. Considering the special nature of a gas transmission network as a source of increased danger and a hazardous industrial facility, the author believes that one of the priority areas of gas pipeline operation is regular diagnostics and maintenance as well as in-process current (emergency) repair performed to avoid any breakdowns of the normal operation mode of the gas transmission network and causing of damage to lives, health and property of third parties. Taking into account these circumstances and the specifics of legal regulation of gas pipeline operation, the author of the article singles out the legal problem that lies in the ambiguity of approaches to the solution of the issue of provision of the title gas pipeline holder with access to the operated section of the gas transmission network if such facility is located within the boundaries of a land plot not owned by the gas pipeline holder. In order to solve this problem, the author performs a systemic analysis of the applicable laws of the Russian Federation and the legislative practice of some foreign countries and singles out three key concepts of provision of access to a gas pipeline located at a land plot owned by another person; such concepts include an opportunity to establish private or public easement and imperative proclamation of the unconditional right of the gas pipeline holder to unrestricted access to any section of the operated gas transmission network irrespective of the ownership of land plots such sites are located at. The author gives a systemic evaluation of each of the mentioned conceptual approaches; based on such evaluation, the author brings forward recommendations for improvement of the applicable laws to comply with the proclaimed principle of ensuring energy security of the Russian Federation.

Keywordsenergy law, legal support of energy security, gas transmission network, main gas pipeline, gas pipeline operation, provision of access, easement
Received14.03.2023
Publication date27.06.2023
Number of characters14728
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1 В условиях непрерывного роста темпов производственного и технического прогресса газовая промышленность закрепила за собой роль одного из важнейших направлений обеспечения устойчивого функционирования и развития народного хозяйства России. При этом геолого-географические особенности российского государства обусловили тот факт, что сложившаяся на территории нашей страны газотранспортная система представляет собой уникальный комплекс, аналогов которого в мире не существует [1].
2 Так, в настоящее время на территории Российской Федерации эксплуатируется свыше 185 тыс км магистральных газопроводов [2], а суммарная протяженность газопроводных сетей с учетом распределительных газопроводов составляет около 1 млн км [3]. При этом каждый из них представляет собой как источник повышенной опасности с гражданско-правовой точки зрения [4] , так и опасный производственный объект – с позиций законодательства о промышленной безопасности [5].
3 Изложенное, в свою очередь, прямо предопределяет тот факт, что приоритетным направлением эксплуатации газопроводных сетей и совершенствования газотранспортной отрасли, а равно и основополагающим стратегическим ориентиром государственной энергетической политики [6] должно служить поддержание высокого уровня безопасности объектов, задействованных в процессе транспортировки природного газа. Прямым подтверждением тому служит законодательно провозглашенный в качестве одной из ключевых основ государственной политики в области газоснабжения в Российской Федерации принцип обеспечения энергетической безопасности Российской Федерации (статья 4 Федерального закона от 31.03.1999 № 69-ФЗ «О газоснабжении в Российской Федерации» (далее – Закон о газоснабжении)) [7].
4 При этом объективным представляется вывод о том, что достижение обозначенного выше уровня энергетической безопасности напрямую связано с организацией лицом, осуществляющим эксплуатацию газотранспортной сети, комплексного производственно-технического механизма поддержания линейной части газопровода, его узлов, оборудования, механизмов и агрегатов в надлежащем, исправном состоянии.
5 Практической реализации указанной задачи способствует проведение владельцем газопровода конкретных мероприятий по предотвращению, выявлению и устранению нарушений нормальных условий эксплуатации газотранспортной сети: начиная от технического диагностирования и обслуживания, обязанность по ведению которых возлагается на эксплуатирующие организации действующими правилами в области промышленной безопасности [8], заканчивая капитальным и текущим (профилактическим и непредвиденным [9]) ремонтом объектов и участков газотранспортной сети [10]. При этом каждый из обозначенных выше видов работ зачастую предполагает необходимость организации непосредственного доступа к нитке газопровода: для внешнего обследования оборудования и участков газопровода, оценки состояния изоляционных покрытий при техническом диагностировании линейной части [11], устранения свищевых повреждений в стенках труб, нарушений изоляционного слоя и т.п. – при проведении ремонтных работ [12]. Таким образом, надлежащее проведение мероприятий по поддержанию работоспособности объектов газотранспортной инфраструктуры представляется практически невозможным без проведения земляных работ по обустройству шурфов.

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