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Sustainable growth and the role of artificial intelligence in improving circular economy
 
Код статьиS278229070019620-8-1
DOI10.18254/S278229070019620-8
Тип публикации Статья
Статус публикации Опубликовано
Авторы
Amatucci Carlo  
Аффилиация: The Department of Political Science, The University of Naples Federico II
Адрес: Italy
Mollo Giovanni
Аффилиация: Senior advisor Consob
Адрес: Italy
Название журналаLaw & Digital Technologies
ВыпускТом 2 № 1
Страницы7-15
Аннотация

Sustainable development has three dimensions, economic, social and environmental. The three-fold dimension of sustainable development implies the consideration of the environmental issue that goes beyond mere protection of the environment since it cannot be considered separately from the economic-productive system and social needs. The circular economy operates along the same three dimensions. A central role in the successful implementation of the circular economy must necessarily be given to the enterprises. Artificial intelligence provides a powerful tool in the transition to a circular economy, acting as an instrument for innovation in the business model, by directing business activity towards sustainable capitalism, overcoming the model of capitalism aimed solely at profit.

Ключевые словаcircular economy; artificial intelligence; sustainable business model.
Получено07.04.2022
Дата публикации30.06.2022
Кол-во символов34322
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Оглавление

INTRODUCTION
1. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
2. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM
3. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY
4. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY
5. THE "SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS MODEL” FOR A NEW NOTION OF ENTERPRISE
CONCLUSION
1

INTRODUCTION
2 Sustainable development has an economic, social, and environmental dimension. This three-fold dimension implies the consideration of the environmental issue that goes beyond mere protection of the environment since it cannot be considered separately from the economic-productive system and social needs. The circular economy can play a crucial role in the fulfillment of sustainable growth, mainly to help tackle the climate crisis by reducing GHG emissions along supply chains.
3 Whereas artificial intelligence provides a powerful tool in the transition to a circular economy, acting as an instrument for the innovation of business activities towards sustainable capitalism, overcoming the model of capitalism aimed at profit maximization only. Such a desirable path will require a new enterprise definition based on the concept of the “Sustainable business model”.
4

1. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
5 The principle of sustainable development has its roots in the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in 1972. In fact, the first principle proclaimed as a result of the work of the Conference, states that "man has a fundamental right to freedom, equality and satisfactory living conditions in an environment which allows him to live in dignity and well-being, and he bears a high degree of responsibility for the protection and improvement of the environment for future generations", and the second principle stated that "the Earth's natural resources, including air, water, flora, fauna and especially the natural ecological system, must be safeguarded for the benefit of present and future generations through careful planning or appropriate management" (United Nation 1972).
6 The principle was reformulated in paragraph 27 of the 1987 Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development of the United Nations, entitled Our Common Future, which states that "Humanity has the ability to make development sustainable to ensure that it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (Federal Office for Spatial Development ARE 1987).
7 This principle was reaffirmed by the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992, according to which "human beings are at the center of concerns for sustainable development. They have the right to a healthy and productive life in harmony with nature" (United Nation 1992, 1). It was also stated that "the right to development must be realized in such a way as to equitably meet the environmental and developmental needs of present and future generations" (United Nation 1992, 2).
8 At the 2002 UN Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg, the participants solemnly agreed on the following declaration: “we firmly pledge to use our rich diversity, which is our collective strength, in constructive partnerships for change and for the achievement of the common goal of sustainable development” and “we agree on the need for the private sector to operate within transparent and stable rules to strengthen corporate public accountability” (United Nation 2002).
9 In 2012, the UN organized in Rio de Janeiro the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD), also called Rio+20, at the end of which, the final document introduced the idea of a green economy in a context of sustainable development and poverty reduction (United Nation 2002).
10 In 2015, the UN Conference on Climate Change, held in Paris, culminated with the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which consists of 17 objectives (OSS/SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals) and 169 targets (United Nation 2015).
11 The goals and targets, as stated in the preamble of the 2030 Agenda, "are interconnected and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social and environmental dimensions" (United Nation 2015). This statement is the key to the proper implementation of the goals and targets set by Agenda 2030.
12 The principle of sustainable development became part of the Italian legal system with art. 3-quater of Legislative Decree 152/2006 and subsequent amendments, the so-called Environmental Code, which states that all human activity legally relevant under this code must comply with the principle of sustainable development, in order to ensure that the satisfaction of the needs of current generations cannot compromise the quality of life and opportunities of future generations. The principle of sustainable development becomes central in the action of the public administration pursuant paragraph 2 of the aforementioned provision, according to which in the comparative choice of public and private interests characterized by discretion, the interests of environmental protection and cultural heritage must be given priority consideration.
13

2. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM
14 According to international sources, sustainable development has three dimensions: economic, social and environmental (Fraccia 2010a, 2010b, 2012; Greco and Salimbeni 2003; Lomonaco 2004; Lanza 2002; Pepe 2002a, 2002b). The goals and targets are the result of the balancing of these three dimensions, therefore they are interconnected and indivisible.

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