Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 as an Instrument of the British Foreign Policy. Preparation, Conclusion, Results

 
PIIS013038640014273-8-1
DOI10.31857/S013038640014273-8
Publication type Article
Status Published
Authors
Affiliation: Lomonosov Moscow State University
Address: Russian Federation, Moscow
Journal nameNovaia i noveishaia istoriia
EditionIssue 2
Pages118-134
Abstract

In the article, the author explores the preparation for the conclusion of the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 in the context of internal and external factors affecting the British in Egypt. This agreement was investigated by Russian and foreign historians, but the author analyzes this problem in the context of the challenges which became threats to the British presence in Egypt. Egyptian internal affairs are considered as the first factor: in the mid–1930s the anti-British forces became much more active, and British presence in the region was endangered. The international relations in the Eastern Mediterranean which also influenced the positions of Great Britain are explored as an external factor. Particularly, the author pays attention to the aggressive foreign policy of Mussolini’s Italy which included the conquest of Ethiopia and forming of a potential threat to the British presence in Egypt. The author explores the British policy in the country and the reasons for the conclusion of the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty from the perspective of these challenges. He also analyzes negotiations between Great Britain and Egypt. The author investigates some of the individual points of the Treaty and benefits which the Foreign Office gained from it. In the article, the author concludes that the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 is a significant diplomatic victory for Great Britain. Egypt acquired some elements of political autonomy, while the British could strengthen their presence in the region. Considering the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty in a broader historical perspective, the author concludes that the British policy in Egypt takes on the features of neocolonialism.

KeywordsGreat Britain, foreign affairs, colonial affairs, Egypt, Anglo-Italian relations, competition for areas of influence
Received13.01.2021
Publication date21.04.2021
Number of characters52665
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